Defense of the dissertation of Kuatova Ayazhan for the degree of Doctor of Philosophy (PhD) in the specialty «6D050100 - Sociology»
L.N. Gumilyov Eurasian National University, a dissertation defense for the degree of Doctor of Philosophy (PhD) by Kuatova Ayazhan on the topic «Social services for the family in the system of social services (on the example of Astana city)» in the field of «6D050100 - Sociology».
The dissertation was carried out at the «Sociology» of L.N. Gumilyov Eurasian National University.
The language of defense is russian
Official reviewers:
Valitova Zulfiya Khafizovna - Candidate of Sociological Sciences, Associate Professor of the Department of Political Science and Sociology of Karaganda University named after Acad. E.A. Buketov, specialty: 22.00.04 - social structure, social institutions and processes (Karaganda, Republic of Kazakhstan).
Beymisheva Aigul Seitzhanovna - Doctor of Philosophy (PhD), Associate Professor at Narxoz University, specialty «6D050100 - Sociology» (Astana, Republic of Kazakhstan).
Temporary members of the Dissertation Committee:
Amitov Sultankozha Abdukadyrovich - Candidate of Sociological Sciences, Senior Lecturer, Department of Sociology and Social Work, Al-Farabi Kazakh National University. Specialty: 22.00.04 - social structure, social institutions and processes (Almaty, Republic of Kazakhstan).
Davletbaeva Zhuldyz Zhetpysbaevna - Candidate of Sociological Sciences, Professor of the National School of Public Policy of the Academy of Public Administration under the President of the Republic of Kazakhstan, specialty: 22.00.04 - social structure, social institutions and processes (Astana, Republic of Kazakhstan).
Iskakova Zhuldyzai Amangeldinovna - Doctor of Philosophy (PhD), Advisor to the Chairman of the Senate of the Parliament of the Republic of Kazakhstan, Deputy Chairman of the National Commission for Women and Family and Demographic Policy under the President of the Republic of Kazakhstan, specialty: «6D050200 - Political Science» (Astana, Republic of Kazakhstan).
Turebekov Berik Zholmukhanovich - Doctor of Philosophy (PhD), Chairman of the territorial election commission of the «Nura» district of Astana, specialty: «6D090500 - Social work» (Astana, Republic of Kazakhstan).
Academic Advisors:
Uruzbaeva Gaukhar Tleuberdyevna - Candidate of Pedagogical Sciences, Associate Professor of the Department of Sociology of the Eurasian National University named after L.N. Gumilyov, 13.00.01 - theory and history of pedagogy, ethnopedagogy (Astana, Republic of Kazakhstan).
Maksimova Svetlana Gennadievna - Doctor of Sociological Sciences, Professor, Head of the Department of Social and Youth Policy, Institute of Humanities, Altai State University (Barnaul, Russian Federation).
The defense will take place on May 20, 2024, at 12:00 PM in the Dissertation Council for the training direction «8D031 - Social Sciences» in the specialty «6D050100 - Әлеуметтану» of L.N. Gumilyov Eurasian National University. The defense meeting is planned to be held online.
Link: https://us06web.zoom.us/j/8114174324?pwd=dVhvaFdrUm9hRll6eTBsclhybUtvZz09
Conference ID: 811 4174 324
Access Code: DC9hpA
Address: Astana, A.Yanushkevich str., 6, 4-educational building of L.N. Gumilev ENU, auditorium 112.
Abstract (English): Dissertation work of Kuatova Ayazhan Serikovna « Social services for the family in the system of social services (on the example of Astana city)», submitted for the degree of Doctor of Philosophy (PhD) in the specialty «6D010500 - Sociology» Relevance of the research topic. The family social service system today is a significant area of social development of modern society. Its formation is of particular relevance since the functioning of state systems is currently based on social priorities. Social services play an important role in the implementation of state social policy aimed at the well-being of the people and increasing human capital. In addition, its modernization is currently being actively carried out, and in this regard, scientific understanding of the processes of providing social services to the family is becoming increasingly important. This is also due to the rapid growth of the population’s needs for social services, their influence on the dynamics of the development of the structure of society and the nature of social relations. Social services provided to the family are the most important factor in the successful functioning of the family, society and the social development of the country. The provision of social services to various categories of families in difficult life situations is one of the priority areas for modernizing the social service system. The formation of the system of providing social services in the Republic of Kazakhstan took place during the transition to new conditions. In a short historical period, old methods of social support have turned into an entire system aimed at meeting the needs of the most vulnerable groups of the population. However, it retained paternalistic approaches and state dominance. Since 2009, the modernization of the social service system began in order to bring it into line with the requirements of a market economy. As a result of this process, the conditions for the provision of social services became more perfect, the range of services provided expanded, and new social technologies were introduced into work with the population. Today, social service centers are actively developing, providing a wide range of various social services to various categories of families and children. Problems of further improvement of social organizations helping families and children form an integral part of state programs for social protection of families and children, concepts and programs of family policy. Decisive measures are being taken to improve the training and retraining of personnel to work in social service organizations. Significant work is being done to generalize the experience of their activities and to form scientific and methodological foundations for their functioning. However, despite the fact that a lot of work has been and continues to be done, the problems of providing social services to families in difficult life situations still remain unresolved. Not all families in need of social services have access to them and the opportunity to receive them. In the process of studying the issue of providing social services to a family in a difficult life situation in the social service system, shortcomings and problem areas were identified, which will be discussed below: 1. For the majority of families in difficult life situations, social services are not available, since in the social service system of the Republic of Kazakhstan priority attention is paid to certain categories of individuals and families provided for by law. However, there are families that do not belong to any of these categories, but at the same time need to receive social services and do not have the opportunity to receive them for a fee. As a result, such families remain unreached by social services. 2. An individualized approach to social services, which does not provide for the provision of social services to the family as a whole as an object of social services. 3. In the social service system, there are no uniform methods or technologies for providing social services to families that would contribute to their efficiency and effectiveness and, as a consequence, increase the level and quality of life of the family. Thus, there is a need to study the problem of providing social services to families in the social service system. Analysis of the activities of the social service system, scientific understanding of the processes of providing social services to the family will allow us to obtain a holistic understanding of its condition and development prospects. The problem of social services and the provision of social services to families as an implementation of state social policy is of interest to representatives of various sciences and is the subject of research by sociologists, economists, lawyers, and social workers. In the legal aspect, this problem is reflected in the works of Shipulina L.N., Koshikova A.B., Mirzandaeva R.Zh., Mezhibovskaya I.V., who studied legal issues of social services, issues of systematization of legislation on social services. No less valuable are the views of economists on the problem of social services and social services to the family, presented in the works of Dzhamburbaeva M.U., Kazizova K.S., Gaisina S.N., Murauskene L., Pritvorova T.P., Bektleeva D.E., Ayaganova M.P., Dzhazykbaeva B.K., who considered the organizational and economic mechanisms of social services, issues of strategic management of an organization in the field of social services to the population. In social work, the provision of social services to older people in social service organizations is well disclosed in the works of Tulegalieva A.G., Turebekova B.Zh., Kholostova E.I., Yarskaya-Smirnova E.R. Among sociologists, we can note the authoritative works of Nurkatova L.T., Zhanazarova Z.Zh., Esirkepova S.S., Osipova T.V., Savinova S.A., Keller P.A., Lunitsyn B.A., Manukyan E.A., Malofeev I.V., Maksimova S.G., Kalinina Yu.A., Natakhina V.V., Timoshina E.V., who studied the formation and development of the social service system, features of the functioning and development of the social service system services for elderly and senile people, social services for families and children. In foreign literature, services provided by social workers to families at risk, the effectiveness of social services for families whose children are under temporary care, vulnerable families as a complex category, social support for families and its directions, family support as an approach to working with children and families are considered in works by Marianne Strydom, Bardauskiene R. and Pivoriene J., Gibbs Diane J., Petra Bauer and Christine Wiezorek, Ilan Katz and John Pinkerton, Louise Roberts, Carmel Devaney, Taylor Lashay Reid. It should be noted that in Kazakhstani science, among dissertations from 1992 to 2023 on the topic of social services and social services, only 7 dissertations were defended for the degrees of Candidate of Sciences and Doctor of Philosophy. Of these, 3 dissertations are on economic sciences, 2 on social work, 1 on management and 1 on sociology. The work closest to the topic of the dissertation research is the work of B.Zh. Turebekov. «Integrated services for families in difficult life situations in a metropolis». The author considers integrated services as a new progressive principle for the provision of social services, placing special emphasis on a client-oriented approach. He writes about the need to introduce new technologies that increase the client focus of social services and identifies case management as one of such technologies. In his opinion, case management is focused on accompanying the client from the moment a problem arises until it is completely eliminated, but requires ensuring its application with effective resources. However, in his work he did not consider in detail what resources and conditions are necessary for its implementation, what its essence is, what effectiveness depends on, what are the criteria for its effectiveness and efficiency. In this regard, we are faced with research questions that have been little studied, but which are very relevant and deserve special close attention. An analysis of the degree of scientific development showed that most of the available works are devoted to the study of the legal, economic, and statistical aspects of this problem. Despite the fact that a number of foreign and Kazakh researchers are studying the social service system in the context of its formation and development, an analysis of the effectiveness of providing social services to families has not been carried out and, in general, the problem of providing social services to families in the social service system of Kazakhstan remains poorly studied. Thus, all of the above gives grounds to consider this problem relevant and practically significant in academic discourse. The purpose of research: to carry out a comprehensive sociological analysis of the provision of social services to families using case management technology and, on this basis, to develop recommendations for its integration into the Kazakh social service system. The object of research: social service system of the Republic of Kazakhstan. The subject of research: provision of social services to families using case management technology (using the example of Astana). Research hypotheses: Hypothesis-basis: The use of case management technology in the provision of social services to families in a family center helps to optimize the processes of assessing the needs of the family, planning actions, their implementation and monitoring results, which leads to the family overcoming a difficult life situation, ultimately improving their social well-being. Hypotheses-consequences: 1. For the full and effective implementation of case management in the social service system, the following conditions are necessary: availability of relevant regulations governing the use of case management in the social service system; availability of qualified case management specialists; interdepartmental interaction of all structures aimed at the effective provision of social services to families; multidisciplinary team concentrated in one place for the comprehensive provision of social services; involvement of the family itself in the process of providing and receiving social services; ensuring sufficient funding to support the case management program, including payment of qualified specialists and resources necessary to provide services. 2. A family’s escape from a difficult life situation requires a comprehensive assessment of the family’s needs, the provision, based on this assessment, of the necessary social services and full support of the family by a specialist. 3. The difficult life situation of the family is caused by the following factors: psychological - unstable emotional state, psychological trauma, reliving past experiences of loss or bereavement, behavioral difficulties; legal - legal illiteracy, lack of knowledge of one’s rights, lack of documents; pedagogical - low level or lack of education, difficulties in raising and teaching children, lack of a model of a prosperous family; and economic - lack of work, stable income, temporary low-paid part-time jobs, lack of permanent housing. Research objectives: 1. Reveal and justify the theoretical and methodological foundations for the study of social services to families in the social service system. 2. Carry out a comparative analysis of the experience of providing social services to families abroad and in Kazakhstan to identify the best models and opportunities for their implementation in Kazakh practice. 3. Analyze the experience of providing social services to families using case management technology using sociological tools using the example of the Children and Family Support Center in Astana. 4. Identify the possibilities of case management as a technology for providing social services to families, as well as the conditions and barriers to its further integration into the social service system of the Republic of Kazakhstan. 5. Develop proposals for the provision of social services to families in the social service system of the Republic of Kazakhstan. The theoretical and methodological basis of research is made up of conceptual approaches to social services and the provision of social services to families, among which the leading place is occupied by the structural-functional approach, formed by the works of such scientists as Herbert Spencer, Emile Durkheim, Robert Merton, Talcott Parsons, Jan Szczepanski and others. The empirical basis of the study was: 1. Analysis of statistical data from the Bureau of National Statistics of the Agency for Strategic Planning and Reforms of the Republic of Kazakhstan, data from the Ministry of Labor and Social Protection of the Population of the Republic of Kazakhstan; 2. The results of the study conducted using the case study methodology on the basis of the Center for Support of Children and Family at the private educational institution «SOS Children's Village Astana»; 3. Analysis of materials from individual work with families supported by the Center for Children and Family Support; 4. Expert survey of specialists from state social service organizations, private centers, representatives of the academic and scientific-expert environment, competent in the field under study. Along with this, legislative acts of the Republic of Kazakhstan, reports and documents regulating the activities of the research base, official statistical data, and materials cited in the media were analyzed. Dissertation research methods: For a comprehensive study of social services to families in the social service system of the Republic of Kazakhstan, both general scientific and special methods were used during the work: - system analysis, which allows us to consider the social service system as an integral system consisting of interconnected elements, each of which makes its own contribution and is important; - institutional and structural-functional analysis, which allows us to analyze the social service system as a social institution, with its corresponding structural elements; - comparative analysis, through the prism of which the experience of providing social services in foreign countries is studied, - historical analysis, on the basis of which an analysis of the formation, current state and prospects for the development of the social service system in the Republic of Kazakhstan was carried out; - methods of document analysis, interviews, and observations made it possible to study and analyze practical experience in providing social services to families within the framework of case study methodology; - the expert survey method made it possible to identify the advantages and disadvantages, conditions and barriers to introducing case management technology into the practice of providing social services to families; - statistical analysis of data using the statistical software package IBM SPSS Statistics 27.0.1 made it possible to identify the reasons for beneficiaries’ requests using the method of hierarchical cluster analysis. The combination of the above methods made it possible to ensure the representativeness and reliability of the results of the dissertation research. Logic and stages of research. The study was carried out over 5 years, from 2018 to 2023, and was carried out in 3 stages: First stage (2018-2019). At this stage, a theoretical analysis of scientific research on the problems of providing social services to families and the direction of development of the social service system was carried out. The research problem and its relevance were formulated, the goal, object, subject, tasks and research methods were determined. Second stage (2019-2020). At this stage, the research program and expert survey questions were developed, the research base and sample were determined. Third stage (2020-2023). At this stage, work was carried out to analyze the activities and experience of providing social services to families using the example of the Center for Support of Children and Family at the private educational institution “SOS Children's Village Astana”, conducting an expert survey on the effectiveness of case management and the conditions for its integration into the social service system. A quantitative and qualitative analysis of the research results was carried out, conclusions and conclusions were formulated on the problem under study. The scientific novelty of the research: For the first time, within the framework of the “case study” methodology, the social service system providing social services to families in difficult life situations, both in Kazakhstan and abroad, was analyzed, a comparative analysis was carried out and the possibilities of its further development were assessed. 1. The theoretical and methodological foundations for the study of social services to the family in the social service system from a sociological perspective are revealed and justified, the concept of “social services to the family” is clarified. 2. A comparative analysis of the experience of providing social services to families abroad and in Kazakhstan was carried out, the best world practices were identified, on the basis of which an optimal model for providing social services to families was developed and proposed for possible implementation in Kazakh practice. 3. The key characteristics of case management technology are identified as helping to increase the efficiency of social services in the social service system. 4. A case study was conducted on the practice of providing social services to families using the case management technology of the Center for Support of Children and Family, the conditions and barriers to its further integration into the social service system were identified. 5. Proposals have been developed for the provision of social services to families in the social service system of the Republic of Kazakhstan. The theoretical significance: The study of social services for families opens up new possibilities for conceptualizing this category, creating theoretical and methodological prerequisites for its further study. The approach used in the dissertation research allows us to reach a new level of understanding and vision of this problem. The practical significance: The findings and results of the study can be used by specialists from social protection agencies, local governments, and practitioners of social service institutions for families and children. The results of the study can be useful in developing an educational and methodological complex, a course of lectures on this problem, and can be used in a scientific, academic, and expert environment. The provisions for defense: 1. The theoretical and methodological foundations for the study of social services to families are determined through conceptual approaches to social services and the provision of social services to families, among which the leading place is occupied by the structural-functional approach. Within the framework of this approach, the social service system is an important structural element of society and is considered as a social institution, the essential core of which is a social service, and the main function is the provision of certain social services to individuals and families who need them. 2. The modern system of social services of the Republic of Kazakhstan requires new approaches to the provision of social services to families, where the object will be the entire family as a whole, and not an individual. Today, in the social service system of the Republic of Kazakhstan, priority attention is paid to certain categories of individuals and families provided for in legislation. However, there are families in difficult life situations who do not belong to any of these categories, but at the same time need to receive social services and who do not have the means to receive them on a paid basis. These families need and should be covered by social services aimed at both preventing and not overcoming a difficult life situation. 3. The most optimal model for providing social services to families is the family center model, which provides comprehensive social services to families in one place and uses case management technology in its work, accompanying the family along the entire development path, starting from identifying families in need of social services, assessing their needs before the family leaves a difficult life situation and its further monitoring. 4. Case management technology is a modern and universal technology that can be applied to provide social services to families in any type of institution. Providing social services to the family within the framework of case management, taking into account their needs and resources, helps the family overcome a difficult life situation, achieve a level of self-sufficiency when the family is subsequently able to cope with the difficulties that arise, subject to the conditions of its application. 5. For the successful implementation of case management in the social service system, the following conditions are necessary: availability of relevant regulations governing the use of case management in the social service system; availability of qualified case management specialists; interdepartmental interaction of all structures aimed at the effective provision of social services to families; multidisciplinary team concentrated in one place for the comprehensive provision of social services; involvement of the family itself in the process of providing and receiving social services; ensuring sufficient funding to support the case management program, including payment of qualified specialists and resources necessary to provide services. Approbation and implementation of research results: The main provisions and results of the dissertation research were presented and approved at meetings of the Department of Sociology of the L.N. Gumilyov named Eurasian National University, and are also reflected in 10 publications of the author: - 1 publication in an international scientific journal indexed in the Scopus database; - 4 publications in journals recommended by the Committee for Quality Assurance in the Field of Science and Higher Education of the Ministry of Science and Higher Education of the Republic of Kazakhstan; - 1 publication in a collective monograph; - 4 publications in collections of scientific and practical conferences in Kazakhstan and neighboring countries. The volume and structure of the dissertation. The dissertation consists of an introduction, three sections, a conclusion, a list of sources used and applications. The introduction reveals the relevance of the dissertation research topic, the degree of its development in theory and practice, formulates the contradiction and the research problem, defines the object, subject, purpose, objectives, hypothesis and stages of research, theoretical basis and research methods, scientific novelty, theoretical and practical significance, the main provisions submitted for defense are presented. The first section, «Conceptual and theoretical foundations for the study of social services to families in the social service system», examines the prerequisites for the study of social services. The concept of a social state and social policy of the family are considered. A systematic approach to the process of implementing social services to families is revealed and justified. The social service system is considered as a social institution. The second section, «The current state of providing social services to families», analyzes the experience of providing social services to families in Kazakhstan and foreign practice. The state and prospects for the development of social services in the social service system are considered, and the theoretical aspects of case management as an effective technology for providing social services to families are studied. The third section, «The practice of providing social services to families in the social service system using the example of the city of Astana», describes an analysis of the experience of providing social services to families using the example of the activities of the Center for Support of Children and Family at the private educational institution «SOS Children's Village Astana». The results and analysis of an expert survey on the effectiveness of case management and the conditions for its integration into the social service system are presented. In conclusion, conclusions are presented on the analysis of the effectiveness of providing social services to families using case management technology and practical recommendations for its integration into the social service system.
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