Defense of the dissertation of Tangsykbay Adilet for the degree of Doctor of Philosophy (PhD) in the educational program «8D01717 - Kazakhs Language and Literature»

L.N. Gumilyov Eurasian National University, a dissertation defense for the degree of Doctor of Philosophy (PhD) by Tangsykbay Adilet on the topic «Lexical and semantic nature of «Baburnama» (theoretical and methodological aspect)» to the educational program «8D01717 – Kazakhs Language and Literature».

The dissertation was carried out at the «Kazakh Linguistics education department» of L.N. Gumilyov Eurasian National University.

The language of defense is kazakh

Official reviewers:

Sabyr Murat Bokenbaiuly – Doctor of Philology, Professor of the Department of Philology and Teaching Methods of the West Kazakhstan Innovation and Technology University (Oral, Kazakhstan);

Shadieva Nurgul Hamzakhanovna – Candidate of Pedagogical Sciences, Associate Professor of the Department of Kazakh Language and Literature of the A.Kussayinov Eurasian Humanities Institute (Astana, Kazakhstan).

Temporary members of the Dissertation Committee:

McCollum Adam Gatlin – Doctor of Philosophy (PhD), Professor of the Department of Linguistics at the Rutgers University (New Jersey, USA);

Shormakova Aizhan Botanovna – Candidate of Pedagogical Sciences, Associate Professor of the Department of Kazakh Language and Literature of the A.Kussayinov Eurasian Humanities Institute (Astana, Kazakhstan);

Zhumagulova Aisha Algabekovna – Doctor of Philosophy (PhD), teacher of Kazakh language and literature at the Metropolitan School named after Sadvakasov H.J. (Astana, Kazakhstan).

Scientific advisors:

Kenzhalin Quanyshbek Karimuly – Doctor of Philosophy (PhD), Acting Associate Professor of the Department of Kazakh Linguistics of the L.N. Gumilyov Eurasian National University (Astana, Kazakhstan);

Dybo Anna Vladimirovna – Doctor of Philology, Corresponding Member of the RAS, Head of the Department of Ural-Altaic Languages, Institute of Linguistics, Russian Academy of Sciences (Moscow, Russia).

The defense will take place on May 20, 2025, at 10:00 in the Dissertation Council for the training of specialists in the field of «8D017 – Training of Teachers in Languages and Literature» («6D011700 – Kazakh Language and Literature», «8D01717 – Kazakh Language and Literature») at the L.N. Gumilyov Eurasian National University. The meeting of the Dissertation Council will be held in a hybrid format (online and offline).

Link: https://clck.ru/3L6Stt 

Meeting ID: 490 812 091 06

Access Code: HP9NT2MR

e-mail: go.syzdykova@mail.ru

Address: Astana, K. Satpaev Street, 2, Room 302.

Abstract (English): Dissertation work of Tangsyqbai Adilet Qydyrbekuly «Lexical and semantic nature of «Baburnama» (theoretical and methodological aspect)», submitted for the degree of Doctor of Philosophy (PhD) in the educational program «8D01717 – Kazakhs Language and Literature» The purpose of the dissertation research is to reveal the lexical and semantic characteristics of the work «Babyrnama» and identify effective ways of teaching it. Research objectives: - to reveal the place and significance of the work «Babyrnama» in the history of the development of the modern Kazakh literary language; - to provide statistics on the vocabulary of «Babyrnama»; - to consider the vocabulary of «Babyrnama» from a historical and etymological point of view; - to classify and analyze words in the text by lexical and semantic groups; - to consider methods and approaches to mastering the vocabulary of «Babyrnama» using traditional and modern technologies. Research methods. The dissertation uses descriptive, comparative and statistical methods. The sorting method was used: the words were classified by origin and lexical-semantic group. Statistical analysis was conducted using Microsoft Word and Microsoft Excel. First of all, the research materials were deciphered using the ABBYY FineReader PDF OCR editor. Since the letters of the text contain diacritics, technical errors in the process of optical character recognition were corrected manually. Each lexical unit was considered individually in order to correctly determine the meanings of words in the text, without separating them from the context. To determine the meaning of lexical units, dictionaries, translations of «Babyrnama», scientific works on historical lexicology were used. Statistical analysis was conducted using Microsoft Excel. As a result of using the sorting method, the words were classified by origin and lexical-semantic group. The meanings of the words in the text were compared with the works of other writers and their use in the modern language. The use of different methods allowed us to conduct a comprehensive analysis of the text vocabulary. The methodology of teaching the vocabulary of «Babyrnama» using testing, questionnaire and conversation methods is considered. The methods of teaching unfamiliar words using traditional and modern teaching methods are described and compared. The main provisions (proven scientific hypotheses and other conclusions that are new knowledge): - «Babyrnama» is an important historical and linguistic material on the Kazakh language and literature. This is not only a historical work, but also a valuable linguistic monument that preserves the ancient lexical layers of the languages of the Turkic peoples, including the Kazakh language. - «Babyrnama» has not been systematically studied in Kazakhstan from a linguistic point of view. Previously, this work was considered only from the point of view of history and literary criticism. - Although foreign linguistic studies on Babur studies (G. Blagova, Z. Kholmanova, S. Akgul) index the text, the meaning of words in the text is not considered in detail. In «Babyrnama», one word can have several meanings in different contexts, but this aspect has not been comprehensively considered in previous studies. - 30.60% of the vocabulary of «Babyrnama» are Turkic words. This indicates that its main linguistic layer is Turkic. In «Babyrnama» Arabic words make up 29.57%, Persian words – 21.95%. These figures clearly demonstrate the influence of Turkic-Persian bilingualism and the medieval literary tradition. Hindi words are mainly used only as proper names and names of some cultural and everyday concepts. This shows that Hindi words were used only in certain functional frameworks. - The outstanding abilities and talent of the author, ruler, commander, writer and poet are reflected in the vocabulary of the text. Along with high-style words, direct criticism and sometimes derogatory vocabulary, not typical of court literature, are used. The use of political terms to describe his inner world shows that his main profession influenced his linguistic personality. - It is important to teach the text «Babyrnama» as part of teaching the Kazakh language and literature. The use of artificial intelligence tools, along with dictionaries, in explaining the meaning of unfamiliar words has a positive effect on expanding students' vocabulary and deepening their understanding of the historical and cultural context of the era being described. Characteristics of the main results of the study: - a statistical analysis of the vocabulary of the Hyderabad copy of the text «Babyrnama» was carried out; - the vocabulary of «Babyrnama» was studied from a historical and etymological point of view. In the vocabulary of the text, language layers were identified and classified by origin: Turkic, Arabic, Persian, Mongolian and Hindi. The nature of the interaction of lexical layers was studied taking into account internal (linguistic) and external (extralinguistic) factors; - lexical units in the text were classified and analyzed into macro- and microlexical-semantic groups, such as «Man», «Society», «Nature». When sorting and classifying words in the vocabulary of «Babyrnama», the classification proposed by A. Kaidar was taken as a model; - the methodology of teaching the vocabulary of «Babyrnama» was considered in the context of teaching the language of Turkic written monuments. Taking into account the lexical and semantic nature of the text and the characteristics of the target audience (Kazakh-speaking students of the Faculty of Philology), various methods of assimilation of lexical material were analyzed and tested (working with a dictionary, contextual analysis, use of artificial intelligence tools, etc.). Justification for the novelty and significance of the results. The Chagatai language is a single written language that was widely used among the Turkic peoples of Central Asia from the beginning of the 15th century to the first half of the 20th century. The overwhelming majority of written works characteristic of the medieval Turkic peoples were written in this language. In science, the tradition of calling it the «old Uzbek language» has been preserved to this day. Modern Uzbek, Uyghur, Karakalpak and other languages originate from the Chagatai language. Recognizing its key role in the formation of literary Turkic languages, it is important not to forget its influence on the modern Kazakh language and literature. The branching of the Chagatai literary language and the development of literary forms of works have not yet been fully studied. Although it is scientifically justified to consider the work «Babyrnama», which has a special place among written monuments written in the Turkic language, in the context of the Kazakh language and culture, no special research in this direction has been conducted in Kazakh science. By studying the vocabulary of the work «Babyrnama», written in the late 15th - early 16th centuries, we undoubtedly receive valuable information about the Turkic layer in the text, its interaction with borrowings from Arabic-Persian, Mongolian and Hindi languages, and, accordingly, about the linguistic and intercultural relations of that time. The introduction of research results into the educational process and the comprehensive teaching of the text «Babyrnama» in Kazakhstan will contribute to the development of students' linguistic and cultural competencies. For the first time in Kazakh linguistics, the lexical and semantic features of the text «Babyrnama» have been systematically studied. Previously, linguistic studies of the vocabulary of «Babyrnama» have not been conducted in Kazakhstan. The Chagatai written tradition formed the basis for the formation of Kazakh writing in the 15th-17th centuries. However, it should be noted that in Kazakh linguistics, linguistic studies of the historical heritage, genealogies and manuscripts of this era have not yet been carried out to a sufficient extent. In addition, reading handwritten texts from the original, their textual and linguistic analysis is considered one of the most relevant and necessary areas in modern linguistics. For the first time, lexical statistics of the Hyderabad copy of «Baburnama» is given. The words in the text are systematized according to their semantic features and combined into lexical-semantic groups. The vocabulary of «Baburnama» was classified according to the origin of words. Turkic, Arabic, Persian, Mongolian and Hindi language layers of the text were identified. The study took into account the contextual use of individual words in «Babyrnama», and also identified and clarified their meanings. New semantic shades of words that were interpreted differently in other sources (Z. Kholmanova, S. Akgül, etc.) were identified. The methods and approaches considered as a result of studying the vocabulary of «Babyrnama» can be used in teaching the language of Turkic written monuments. Working with the vocabulary of the medieval Turkic text «Babyrnama» is aimed at developing analytical skills and cultural and historical competence of students. One of the main methods is working with specialized and etymological dictionaries, which allows students to understand the origin and historical change of lexemes. When interpreting the meaning of unfamiliar words, contextual analysis and semantic forecasting methods also help to determine the meaning of words. Particular attention in the study is paid to modern digital learning tools. In particular, as part of a pedagogical experiment on teaching the vocabulary of «Babyrnama», the capabilities of artificial intelligence were used: the Midjourney platform allows you to create a visual representation of unfamiliar names of objects, and the use of Chat GPT facilitates the analysis of lexical units in the text. Thus, the research paper discusses the advantages and disadvantages of using traditional teaching tools and methods along with modern technologies. The scientific and theoretical conclusions and research results used in the dissertation contribute to the development of the disciplines Historical linguistics, Historical grammar, Historical lexicology, Comparative linguistics, Comparative grammar of Turkic languages. The lexical-semantic analysis carried out during the study can be widely used in the field of lexicology. Compliance with the directions of development of science or state programs. It is closely connected with the concept of development of higher education and science in the Republic of Kazakhstan for 2023-2029, approved by the Decree of the Government of the Republic of Kazakhstan, and the concept of development of language policy in the Republic of Kazakhstan for 2023-2029. Republic of Kazakhstan for 2023-2029. It is also based on the Law «On Education» and state compulsory educational standards of all levels of education. The results obtained during the research work can be used in higher education institutions within the framework of such disciplines as Medieval Turkic written monuments, Historical grammar of Turkic languages, History of the Kazakh literary language, Historical grammar of the Kazakh language. Description of the doctoral student's contribution to the preparation of each publication. Based on the results of the research work, the doctoral student published 6 (six) articles in scientific publications recommended by the Science and Higher Education Quality Assurance Committee of the Republic of Kazakhstan, 3 (three) articles at international conferences. List of articles published in domestic publications recommended by the Science and Higher Education Quality Assurance Committee of the Republic of Kazakhstan: 1. Kinship terms in «Baburnama» // Bulletin of S.Ualikhanov KU. Philological Series. – 2023. – №4. – P. 60-69. (the contribution of the doctoral student is 100%). 2. Linguistic Analysis of the Names of Indian Mammals in «Baburnama»: Etymology, Semantics // Bulletin of Yassawi University. – 2024. – №2(132). – P. 88-101. (co-author: Kenzhalin Q.K., the contribution of the doctoral student is 90%). 3. Historical and linguistic basis of the name Lamghan in Afghanistan // The Journal of Philology: Science and Education. – 2024. – №2(194). – P. 37-46. (co-authors: Kenzhalin Q.K., Qulzhanova B.R., the contribution of the doctoral student is 80%). 4. Semantics of the word «Qazaq» in the «Baburnama» // Turkic Studies Journal. – 2024. – №4. – P. 90-115. (co-authors: Kenzhalin Q.K., Espekova L.A., the contribution of the doctoral student is 80%). 5. Methods of teaching Chagatay vocabulary to Kazakh-speaking audience (by the example of «Baburname») // Bulletin of L.N. Gumilyov Eurasian National University. Philology Series. – 2024. – №4. – P. 261-271. (the contribution of the doctoral student is 100%). 6. Features of the use of color names in «Baburnama» // Bulletin of S.Ualikhanov KU. Philological Series – 2024. – №4. – P. 247-262. (co-authors: Kenzhalin Q.K., Dybo A.V., the contribution of the doctoral student is 80%). Articles published at international conferences: 1. «Бабырнама» еңбегіндегі топонимдер // Materials of the international scientific and practical conference «Ruhani zhangyru and language heritage» (10-11 May 2022). – Astana: «ZIZ INC», 2022. – P. 231-235. (the contribution of the doctoral student is100%). 2. Names of measures in the work «Babyrnama» // «Nurgali readings-XIII: scientific community of young scientists of the 21st century. Philological sciences»: collection of articles based on the materials of the International scientific and practical conference (March 14-15, 2024, Astana). – Volume 1. – Astana, «Master PO», 2024. – P. 366-371. (the contribution of the doctoral student is 100%). 3. Semantic features of the word «türk» in the «Baburnama» // Collection of material International scientific and practical conference «Uvalievsky Readings-2024» on the topic «University science - an environment for economic growth of the region». – Oskemen: Sarsen Amanzholov East Kazakhstan University, «Berel» Publ., 2024. – P. 684-686. (the contribution of the doctoral student is 100%).

Dissertation

List of Scientific Works

Consultant's Review

Foreign Consultant's Review

Conclusion of the Research Ethics Committee

Official Reviewer's Review

Official Reviewer's Review