Defense of the dissertation of Mami Anar Tanirbergenkyzy for the degree of Doctor of Philosophy (PhD) in the educational program «8D02203 - History»
L.N. Gumilyov Eurasian National University, a dissertation defense for the degree of Doctor of Philosophy (PhD) by Mami Anar Tanirbergenkyzy on the topic «History of formation and development of entrepreneurship in independent Kazakhstan» in the educational program «8D02203 - History».
The dissertation was carried out at the «History of Kazakhstan education department» of L.N. Gumilyov Eurasian National University.
The language of defense is kazakh
Official reviewers:
Mamytova Saule Nasenovna - Doctor of Historical Sciences, Astana IT University, Professor of the Department of General Education (Astana, Republic of Kazakhstan);
Tolebayev Turganzhan Abeuovich - Doctor of Historical Sciences, Professor of the Faculty of History, Archeology and Ethnology of the Kazakh National University named after al-Farabi (Almaty, Republic of Kazakhstan).
Temporary members of the Dissertation Council:
Karasayev Gani Mukashovich - Doctor of Historical Sciences, Professor, Head of the Department of National History and Documentation of the Institute of State History (Astana, Republic of Kazakhstan);
Bekseitova Akbota Tastanbekovna - Candidate of Historical Sciences, Associate Professor, Director of the Pedagogical Institute of Kokshetau University named after Sh. Ualikhanov (Kokshetau, Republic of Kazakhstan);
Lysenko Yulia Aleksandrovna - Doctor of Historical Sciences, Professor of the Altai State Pedagogical University (Barnaul, Russian Federation).
Scientific consultants:
Dukenbaeva Zadash Orazgalikyzy - Doctor of historical sciences, Professor in the Department of History of Kazakhstan at the NJSC Eurasian national university L.N. Gumilyov (Astana, Republic of Kazakhstan);
Nomogoeva Victoria Vladimirovna - Doctor of Historical Sciences, Associate Professor of the Buryat State University named after J. Banzarov (Ulan-Ude, Republic of Buryatia, Russian Federation).
The defense will take place on May 16, 2025, at 02:30 PM in the Dissertation Council for the training direction «8D022 - Humanities» in the educational program «8D02203 - History» of L.N. Gumilyov Eurasian National University. Conducting a meeting of the dissertation council in a mixed (offline and online) format.
Link: https://clck.ru/3JXASx
Address: Astana, str. А.Pushkin, 11, 324 auditorium.
Abstract (English): The dissertation consists of an introduction, three chapters, a conclusion, a list of references and appendices. The thesis examines in detail history of formation and development of entrepreneurship in Kazakhstan in 1991-2020, based on factual foundations and statistical data. The purpose of research work provides an opportunity to study the problems of history of formation and development of small and medium-sized businesses in Kazakhstan in terms of scientific significance and the degree of education based on new methodological approaches. The purpose of study was to study main directions of state policy of transformation of society and the implementation of entrepreneurship development during the period of formation and development of entrepreneurship in Kazakhstan in 1991-2020 from the perspective of modern historical knowledge. To achieve specific goal set in the thesis, it includes the following tasks: - analysis of the content of the policy of reconstruction of the economic system and expansion of the historical space of entrepreneurial activity in 1991-2020.; - consideration of the dynamics and results of privatization in Kazakhstan, identification of changes in the functions and role of the state during the transition period through the prism of historically established specific conditions for the facility; - study of the history of the development and implementation of the Concept of state policy to support and develop small and medium-sized enterprises in Kazakhstan; - demonstration of the history of development of innovation policy in the region of Kazakhstan is a factor of a new business model of entrepreneurship and a study of the beginning of the renaissance. The research paper consists of an introduction, three chapters, a conclusion, a list of used data and literature, depending on goals set. The first section covers theory and methodology of history of development of small and medium-sized enterprises in Kazakhstan. Scientific papers and works on the history of entrepreneurship in Russia and Western countries, the USA, and Kazakhstan were considered as relevant sources of history of small and medium-sized businesses in 1991-2020. The second section is devoted to history of development of concept of state policy to support small and medium-sized businesses in Kazakhstan and the analysis of the evolution of the regulatory framework for entrepreneurial activity, trends in the development of small and medium-sized businesses in Kazakhstan in 1991-2020. The study of the history of the formation and development of small and medium-sized businesses in 1991-2020, the study of government support policy in this area, determines directions of business development for that period. At the same time, it demonstrated importance of the role of the adopted regulatory framework in its development and formation in connection with entrepreneurship. The third section includes contribution of innovation policy to development of small and medium-sized enterprises in Kazakhstan and innovative model of small and medium-sized enterprises. The historical significance of small and medium-sized enterprises in the conditions of independent Kazakhstan will also be analyzed. Studying the history of formation and development of small and medium-sized enterprises from the point of view of innovative development has allowed us to study its potential in comparison with the pace of global development trends. The scientific novelty of research work is as follows: - for the first time, materials of conferences of trade union organizations of the Central Committee of the CPSU for 1941-1991 from state archive of Russia adapted to modern history, reports of meetings, a comprehensive analysis of archival materials was conducted.; - the formation and development of small and medium-sized businesses in Kazakhstan have been historically studied, and the data obtained in it have been put into scientific use; - considered on the basis of theoretical and methodological principles applied to the research topic, the method of regional historical research was determined; - the analysis of the development of small and medium-sized businesses in Kazakhstan for 1991-2020 was carried out on the basis of data; - main factors of the formation and development of entrepreneurship were identified; - dynamics of the development of small and medium-sized enterprises has been studied on the basis of these documents and introduced into scientific circulation; - analyzed against the background of government policy, the main obstacles and support of the Republic of Kazakhstan related to state support for small and medium-sized businesses; - it allowed us to solve an important historical question about the essence of the formation of new social groups in Kazakhstan. In particular, he opened the way to defining the foundations of ownership in post-Soviet Kazakhstan, its features, as well as the genesis of a new economic model in specific historical conditions. The main conclusions presented for the defense of the research paper: - as in a number of other post-Soviet countries, the role of the state in the economy played an important role in developing a favorable concept of economic policy; - the focus of foreign direct investment on large firms undermined small and medium-sized businesses and strengthened the dominance of large firms in the market. This, in turn, reflected a negative impact on the diversification of the economy, as well as on the development of civil courts; - Economy of Kazakhstan is dominated by state-owned enterprises (MC) and large private industrial and financial conglomerates, which are the legacy of the Soviet Central Planning System. By early 1990s, 87% of the total workforce worked in state-owned enterprises, and structural changes such as privatization were still ahead. Since then, many major changes have taken place, but the transition period has not yet been completed, important tasks remain redefining the role of the state in the economy, as well as accelerating the development of the private sector; - Formation of small and medium-sized enterprises in Kazakhstan took place in the context of a sharp increase in the differentiation of regional subjects of the country, weakening production and economic ties between them. This caused a chain of regional, local crises, which pushed to the processes of decomposition, which aggravated the consequences of the rupture of intra-regional economic ties and the isolation of regions from the constantly developing central regions. For example, after the 2000s, small and medium-sized businesses developed rapidly in cities such as Akmola and Almaty compared to other cities in the Republic; - In the early 1990s, politicians and economists, in addition to implementing the policy of "capitalization shock", tried to widely introduce market mechanisms. The consequences of this policy are reflected in the problems that are currently occurring in the agricultural sector of the Kazakh economy, in the field of light industry and are accumulating in society as a whole. As a result, this led to the radical destruction of the Soviet economic model and an accelerated, frontal transition to a market economy. Statistical data show that the share of active entities in the structure of the small and medium-sized business sector has doubled over the past 10 years. However, the share of peasant and farm households decreased from 27.2% to 16.4%. This showed a decrease in the number of entrepreneurs in the agricultural sector; -Despite fact that the impact of entrepreneurial activity in Kazakhstan on the social and economic development of society is not as significant as in the industrialized countries of Western Europe, America and Southeast Asia, which account for more than half of the gross domestic product, small business in the country has become a massive, dynamically developing part of business life; - modern tasks have been identified in the field of improving the Concept of state Policy for the Support and development of small and medium-sized businesses; - One of the limitations of small and medium-sized enterprises in Kazakhstan is the issues of market transparency. This was due to excessive government involvement in the market through state-controlled companies; - By 1990, socialist economic system had accumulated imbalances and technological exhaustion. The lack of a mechanism for generating innovations and abandoning outdated technologies has led to the closure of technologically unrelated and diverse high-quality industries. A vicious circle has formed: the emergence of technological innovations and the underdevelopment of promotion mechanisms, the lack of a mechanism for abandoning economically impractical industries have led to the technological complexity of the economic system, which further suppressed innovation motivation in the managerial industrial environment. Collections of the CIS Statistical Committee for 1992-2000, resolutions, documents of the Ministry of Economy and Trade of the Republic of Kazakhstan in the National Archive for 1992-2000 related to socio-economic, scientific and technical development, contracts with foreign investors and foreign economic relations, documents related to leases granting the right to types of activities for 1997, received from the state the Archive of Russia as data sources for conducting research is considered. Statistical data of the Committee on Statistics of the Republic of Kazakhstan on small and medium-sized enterprises for 1990-2020, reference materials on small and medium-sized enterprises in the state archives were collected. Astana, Almaty, the final reports of Atameken Chamber of Entrepreneurs on development of entrepreneurship in the country for 1990-2020, materials from Damu Foundation, reports from the European Bank for Reconstruction and Development on the development of small and medium-sized enterprises in Kazakhstan, entrepreneurship development, increased innovation activity, analyzed and used materials from research projects aimed at liberalizing the economy and documents of the National Archive of the Republic of Kazakhstan, Foundation No. 10 - documents of the Ministry of Economy and Trade of the Republic of Kazakhstan, documents for 1991-2002: key indicators, draft indicative plans, forecasts of socio-economic, scientific and technical development of the Republic; agreements on economic cooperation and foreig
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