Defense of the dissertation of Auganbayeva Maya Amirzhanovna for the degree of Doctor of Philosophy (PhD) in the educational program «8D02310 - Foreign Philology»
L.N. Gumilyov Eurasian National University, a dissertation defense for the degree of Doctor of Philosophy (PhD) by Auganbayeva Maya Amirzhanovna on the topic «The cognitive-pragmatic aspect of lexical universals in the sphere of mass communication» in the educational program «8D02310 - Foreign Philology».
The dissertation was carried out at the «Foreign Philology education department» of L.N. Gumilyov Eurasian National University.
The language of defense is kazakh
Official reviewers:
Orazalieva Elmira Nurlanovna - Doctor of philological sciences, professor, vice-rector for academic activities of the Academy of Public Administration under the president of the Republic of Kazakhstan (Astana, Republic of Kazakhstan);
Kurkimbayeva Aizhan Muratovna - PhD, associated professor The Kazakh Ablai Khan University of International Relations and World Languages (Almaty, Republic of Kazakhstan).
Temporary members of the Dissertation Council:
Rishat Zhurkenovich Saurbayev - candidate of Philological Sciences, Professor of the Department of Foreign Philology, Toraighyrov University NJSC (Pavlodar, Republic of Kazakhstan);
Liliya Amiryanovna Nefedova - Doctor of Philological Sciences, Professor, Dean of the Faculty of Linguistics and Translation, FSBEI HE Chelyabinsk State University (Chelyabinsk, Russian Federation);
Gulnaz Tokenkyzy - candidate of philological Sciences, Associate Professor, leading researcher of the Department of Applied Linguistics of the National Scientific and practical Center “Til - Kazyna” named after Shaisultan Shayakhmetov (Astana, Republic of Kazakhstan).
Scientific consultants:
Anafinova Madina Latipovna - Candidate of Philological Sciences, associated professor of the International University Astana (Astana, Republic of Kazakhstan);
Shafikov Sagit Gayliyevich - Doctor of philological sciences, professor of the University of technology and Science (Ufa, Russian Federation).
The defense will take place on June 25, 2025, at 10:00 AM in the Dissertation Council for the training direction «8D023 - Languages and literature» in the educational program «8D02310 - Foreign Philology» of L.N. Gumilyov Eurasian National University. Conducting a meeting of the dissertation council in a mixed (offline and online) format.
Link: https://us06web.zoom.us/j/88645612239?pwd=jxhMZK3CxPD9FAUS3ka8b7bMg76iL1.1
Address: АAstana, K. Satpayev str. 2, Main building, room No. 302.
Abstract (English): the dissertation prepared by Maya Amirzhanovna Auganbayeva to obtain the degree of Doctor of Philosophy (PhD) in the educational program 8D02310 - Foreign Philology on the topic: «The cognitive - pragmatic aspect of lexical universals in the field of mass communication» Relevance of the research topic. In the field of modern linguistics, the study of universals as special forms of universal manifestational thinking on the basis of examples of individual languages is an important scientific problem today. The study of linguistic universals is also relevant from the point of view of the question of the idioethnic specificity of the language. In addition to its main functions, ethnic culture is a «schematic» mechanism that regulates the linguistic picture of the world in the human mind. The image of the world that exists in the mind of each person has a certain ordered system of ideas that share its socio-cultural environment, reflecting the image of the world in words. As part of the study of the phenomena of uniqueness and universality in languages, scientists found out that in all languages, along with certain lexical universals, there are unicalians that allow the media to influence the mass consciousness, forming a certain public opinion. In addition, in some languages, the possibility of using lexical universals in various types of discourse, including media discourse, is significantly wider than in others, which depends on the degree of their complexity, idioethnic, as well as many extralinguistic factors. As a result of the above problems, the study of lexical universals in the field of mass communication from the point of view of the cognitive-pragmatic aspect increases the relevance of the work. In this regard, for the study of the cognitive-pragmatic aspect of lexical universals, the main focus is not only the inseparable pair of their form and substance, but also the higher unity - the active unity of Language, Speech Communication and man. This trinity allows a person to live, think and recognize in the real world, create around him a value-semantic space - the environment of human culture and civilization. It should be noted that all this is a prerequisite for the media to achieve its main goal, which is associated with the management of public opinion, thanks to the use of certain lexical universals. At the same time, at present, despite the growing interest in the topic, there are almost no studies that have considered the possibilities of cognitive-pragmatic analysis of lexical universals in the field of mass communication. The analysis of universal, as well as idioethnic units of the language makes it possible to actualize the national-cultural specificity of structuring the madiadiscource. The object of the study is lexical universals in the information space of the English and Kazakh languages. The subject of the study is the study of cognitive - pragmatic features of lexical universals in the field of mass communication. Methods used in research work. In accordance with the goals and objectives of the dissertation, the interdisciplinary nature of the general study, are used the methods of integrative, comparative-comparative, distributive, descriptive (descriptive), component, idiographic (from the Greek γδιος - specific, γράφω - I write), linguocognitive-semantic, pragmatic analysis, as well as the questionnaire. Also, are used general scientific methods and methods of generalization, systematization and grouping. The purpose of the research work: to describe their cognitive-pragmatic features with a comparative analysis of lexical universals in the field of mass communication in English and Kazakh media texts. To implement this goal and verify the forecast, the following tasks are set: - to conduct an analytical review of the works of domestic and foreign scientists in order to study the cognitive-pragmatic aspect of lexical universals in the field of mass communication, to identify the theoretical and methodological foundations of research; - identification of the role, advantages, main approaches and promising areas of cognitive-pragmatic research of lexical universals in the media; - typing, collecting lexical universals from English and Kazakh-language media; - identification of universal and idioethnic characteristics of lexical universals, demonstration of their specificity; - description of the media course of the mass information space as an object of study of lexical universals in a comparative aspect; - consideration of ways to put the research results into scientific use. Scientific innovation of research: -comprehensive approaches to understanding the cognitive-pragmatic essence, laws and principles of functioning of lexical universals in the media will be systematized; - cognitive-pragmatic functions of lexical universals are described, lexical universals of English and Kazakh languages are analyzed in a comparative aspect, as a result of which their universal and idioethnic features are revealed; -the opinions and conclusions of correspondent scientists regarding the theory of knowledge are systematized, analyzed from the point of view of the requirements and direction of today’s science, their significance is proved; -an integrated approach to the analysis of the cognitive-pragmatic nature of lexical universals of media texts in the English and Kazakh media space is proposed; -as a result of the research work, the curriculum of the elective discipline «Linguistic Typology and linguistic universals» will be compiled. Theoretical significance of the research work. The theoretical significance of the research work is based on its scientific novelty and relevance. The results of the study allow a deeper understanding of lexical universals from the point of view of comparative cognitive-pragmatic analysis, which opens the way to establish links with other areas of linguistics. Thus, the results of the work reveal the cognitive and pragmatic aspects of the use of lexical universals in the media community and provide new opportunities for studying the connections between language and culture. The results of the research theoretically help to understand national linguistic features and general linguistic patterns through the study of lexical universals in the Kazakh language. This work also contributes to research in the field of Linguistic Typology and cognitive linguistics. In addition, the materials of the dissertation will increase scientific interest in this issue, open up new areas of research for future researchers and allow them to study the issue more deeply. Practical significance of the research work. The results of the study can be effectively used for educational and applied purposes. Conclusions and results serve as the basis for compiling educational materials for linguistics, linguoculturology and other academic disciplines in the field of Education. It also allows us to develop a methodology for effective teaching of lexical universals in multilingual educational programs. In terms of applicability, the research work contributes to the improvement of strategies for using lexical universals in the texts of the media. At the same time, these results will increase the effectiveness and level of use of communication for a multilingual audience, taking into account the cognitive-pragmatic features of the media language. The results of the study are widely used in journalism, Translation Studies, Language Policy and the creation of multimedia content. The main conclusions submitted for defense according to the research work: 1. In the system of the National Code of each culture, one can single out the basic, universal and idioethnic codes, unique ones that are characteristic of that culture. Such codes make it possible to explain the reasons for the appearance of stereotypical images in this linguoculture and thereby manifest the experience and knowledge of the representative of the culture. 2. The description and identification of universal and idioethnic units of the language, reflecting the specifics of the linguistic picture of the world, makes it necessary to combine different approaches in linguistics: cognitive-pragmatic, dynamic, cultural, functional, component, prototypical and others. It provides objectivity and depth of the content of the study. 3. The cognitive-pragmatic paradigm of language has three properties: anthropocentric essence, nature of activity and dynamism. The specifics and advantages of the cognitive-pragmatic approach to the study of lexical universals and their stratification are based on the anthropocentric orientation of all components of the developing linguistic theory. 4. Lexical universals in the texts of mass media are semantically dominated by the national-cultural character, and the cognitive-pragmatic aspect in the media discourse in the language should be analyzed in accordance with the specific structural features of each language. 5. The knowledge and understanding of the universal picture of the world to study the problems of the relationship between language and consciousness in linguistics, the role of language in the formulation and categorization of the world, the forms of their interaction, the role in the generalization of cognitive processes and human experience, the relationship of individual cognitive abilities of a person with language, it is necessary to introduce the subject of «Linguistic Typology and Universals». Publication and discussion of the research work. The main results of the research work were reflected in 12 scientific articles. 4 articles were published in journals included in the list recommended by the committee for control in the field of Science and higher education of the Ministry of education and science of the Republic of Kazakhstan, 7 articles at foreign international conferences, 1 article in the Journal included in the Scopus database. The dissertation work was discussed at a meeting of the Department of Foreign Philology of the L. N. Gumilyov Eurasian National University (February 24, 2025) and submitted for defense. Summary of the dissertation work The introduction to the dissertation contains the relevance, purpose and objectives of the research work, the object of research, the subject of research, the theoretical and practical significance of the research, research methods, the scientific novelty of the research, the main conclusions proposed for defense, the publication and discussion of the research work. The first chapter of the thesis «Theoretical and methodological cognitive-pragmatic study of lexical universals» consists of five chapters. The chapter describes the study of linguistic universals, the main theory. Throughout the entire period of development of linguistics, scientists have been paying attention to the presence of universal signs in languages, however, universality itself appeared only in the second half of the 20th century as one of the directions of linguistic research. Linguistic universals are very important for several linguistic disciplines, so there is an increasing interest in semantic universals in linguistics. Linguistic universals are linguistic phenomena common to all or many languages. Linguistic universals are a phenomenon that shows Universal Laws of thinking that do not depend on culture, race, language, etc. The strategic task of Linguistic Typology is to identify and interpret universals. For the first time, the problem of linguistic universals was found in the famous «Memorandum on linguistic universals», J. Greenberg, C. Osgood and J. Jenkins considered. In it, universals were defined as generalized statements about the properties and trends inherent in any language. Humboldt also notes in his works the presence in each individual language of purely national elements that are not repeated in another language, and it is this comparative linguistics that makes it possible to determine and feel the depth of the national identity of a particular language. Humboldt said of this: «there are many concepts organically woven into one's own language, as well as unique grammatical features that cannot be the common property of all languages and transfer to other languages without distortion. Therefore, a significant part of the content of each language is unconditionally dependent on a given language, so this content cannot be indifferent to its expression». The second chapter is called «Сognitive - pragmatic analysis of lexical universals in the language of modern media». Mass media are the basis for testifying to the mental code of Kazakhstan's society. Undoubtedly, the language of the media is an object of study that clearly demonstrates the dynamics of linguistic matter. In media texts, one or more images of the world are created, which actualize the linguocognitive aspect of research. Since cognitive linguistics studies language together with the problems of conceptualization and categorization, mediatexes are invaluable material for linguocognitive research. This allows us to evaluate the study of the cognitive and pragmatic aspect of the media language conducted by us, as a result of which cognitive formats of the concepts «тұлға/ personality», «зұлымдық/ evil» were identified, which represent knowledge about the world in which information is encoded that corresponds to the mental space of Kazakhstan’s society. In general, the cultural code is a reflection of the national mentality. It is formed on the basis of national images, language, spirituality, traditions and values of the people. The cultural code of the nation is of particular relevance not as a relic of the past, but as the quintessence of the advanced and viable experience accumulated by the Kazakh people over the centuries. In the course of the research work, we identify the following features of cultural codes: 1) concentration in the mind of a person; 2) being a means of preserving and transmitting national culture to posterity; 3) being an element of the conceptual picture of the world; 4) a property of a universal nature; 5) a characteristic of a national identity; 6) a place in linguistic units, in our case - in lexical universals. The mental information transmitted through the media and the media communication carried out among communicators form the media picture of the universe, which leads to the process of mediatization, that is, influence on the consciousness of the masses through various cognitive structures. The media image of the universe is considered as the result of mental and cognitive activity, which is included in the scope of cognitive linguistics to model the phenomena and events of the surrounding world, taking into account the addressee - addressee relationship. Results of the research work: The study showed that the cognitive-pragmatic function of lexical universals plays an important role in traditional and new media. Universals are a tool that provides effective and fast information distribution. These Language units, due to their simplicity and versatility, make it easier for both listeners and readers to understand the information. In addition, the rapid dissemination of information through new media reduces the cognitive load and increases accessibility. Based on the above conclusions, we conclude that the universal and idioethnic units in the languages we studied are always closely parallel to each other. In addition, if we can control the functions of universals at the level of their use in any area, for example, in the media, politics, literature, art, etc., then when it comes to uniqueness (unicalium), it is very difficult to control their work, since it is necessary to take into account the level of their perception by representatives of a particular culture. Here the connotative, cognitive, pragmatic and social perception of one or another identity in a particular context is important. Research achievements and prospects. In the context of increasing contradictions in the world, primarily due to differences in the picture of the world, a comparative study of the linguistic picture of the world, including the features of the linguistic universals of the world, can acquire the status of an independent science in linguistics. The perspective of the study is expressed in the fact that the successful solution of the tasks of science requires the unification of not only different sciences, but also scientists from different states. Published works on the content of the dissertation: The main results of the research work were reflected in 12 scientific articles. 4 articles were published in journals included in the list recommended by the committee for control in the field of Science and higher education of the Ministry of education and science of the Republic of Kazakhstan, 7 articles at foreign international conferences, 1 article in the Journal included in the Scopus database: Web of Science Core Collection, Scopus in international peer-reviewed journals - 1 article: 1. Linguacultural and cognitive peculiarities of linguistic universals // Journal of Psycholinguistic Research. - 2024. - Volume 12, Issue 1. 53:3. (Scopus Author ID: 58819939700 percentile in Social Sciences, linguistics and Linguistics 90% Q1). In publications recommended by the Committee for Control in the Field of Education and Science of the Republic of Kazakhstan - 4 articles: 1. The main trends in the study of linguistic universals in the context of paradigm transformation // Science and life of Kazakhstan. - 2019. - №12(2). - P. 224-228. 2. Linguo-cultural aspects of studying the national-cultural specifity of language // Ш. Уәлиханов атындағы КМУ хабаршысы. - 2020. - №4/1. - Б. 58-63. 3. Interlingual features of the definition of language universals // reports of the Kazakh Academy of Education. - 2020. - No. 4. - p.361-371. 4. Problems of the anthropocentric paradigm and the cognitive aspect of linguistic universals // Bulletin of the L. N. Gumilyov Eurasian National University. - 2024. - №3(148). - P. 29-43. Collections of materials of domestic and international scientific and practical conferences and foreign scientific journals - 7 articles: 1. Concepts of language universals in modern linguistics // Scientific research of the XXI century. - 2019. - №2(2). - B. 335-339. 2. Cognitive aspect of determining lexical universals in the media / / Horizon of modern linguistics: trends and scientific dialogue: materials of the international scientific conference dedicated to the 50th anniversary of the pedagogical activity of Professor E. D. Suleimenova (Almaty, 2020. - P. 76-82). 3. Linguistic and linguistic universals in understanding the world from the point of view of cognitive science / / Global Challenges-Scientific Solutions II: international scientific conference (Belgium, 2020. - P. 346-352). 4. Peculiarities of the national language worldview and universal concepts in human cognitive system // 7th International Scientific and Practical Conference «Challenges in Science of Nowadays» (Washington, USA: EnDeavours Publisher, 2020. - Р. 614-621). 5. Current trends in the development of science and practice: 17th International Scientific Conference (Haifa, 2021.- P. 167-173). 6. The legacy of A. Baitursynov: mass media - the basis for the study of language universals // Akhmet Baitursynovich: the problem of language and literature: international scientific and practical conference (Tashkent, 2022.-P. 90-95). 7. The problem of determining the essence of language universals // paradigm of modern science in the context of modernization of scientific thought and innovative development: theory and practice: 17th International Scientific and practical conference (Kostanay, 2023.-P. 578-584).
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