Defense of the dissertation of Kanatova Aliya Talgatovna for the degree of Doctor of Philosophy (PhD) in the educational program «8D06104 - Computer Engineering and Software»
L.N. Gumilyov Eurasian National University, a dissertation defense for the degree of Doctor of Philosophy (PhD) by Kanatova Aliya Talgatovna on the topic Development of software for the GPR hardware complex of downhole electrical prospecting radarograms interpretation to the educational program «8D06104 – Computer Engineering and Software».
The dissertation was carried out at the «Сomputer and software engineering education department» of L.N. Gumilyov Eurasian National University.
The language of defense is russian
Official reviewers:
Bolatbek Rysbaiuly – Doctor of Physical and Mathematical Sciences, specialty: 01.01.07 – Computational Mathematics, Professor, Astana IT University (Astana, Republic of Kazakhstan);
Murat Abdukadyrovich Sultanov – candidate of physical and mathematical sciences, specialty: 01.01.07 – computational mathematics, professor, Khoja Akhmet Yassawi international Kazakh-Turkish university (Turkistan, Republic of Kazakhstan).
Temporary members of the Dissertation Council:
Vladimir Borisovich Barakhnin – doctor of technical sciences, head of the department of informatics systems, faculty of information technologies, Novosibirsk state university (Novosibirsk, Russian Federation);
Olga Alexandrovna Ussatova – doctor of philosophy (PhD), associate professor, leading researcher at the RSE "Institute of information and computational technologies" of the CS MSHE RK (Almaty, Republic of Kazakhstan);
Asel Akzhalova – doctor of philosophy (PhD), candidate of physical and mathematical sciences, professor, Kazakh-British technical university (Almaty, Republic of Kazakhstan).
Scientific consultants:
Tolkyn Mirgaliqyzy – doctor of philosophy (PhD), associate professor of the department of computer and software engineering, L.N. Gumilyov Eurasian national university (Astana, Republic of Kazakhstan);
Maksim Alexandrovich Shishlenin – doctor of physical and mathematical sciences, professor of the russian academy of sciences, Sobolev institute of mathematics, Novosibirsk state university (Novosibirsk, Russian Federation).
The defense will take place on June 30, 2025, at 11:00 AM in the Dissertation Council for the training direction «8D061 – Information and communication technologies» in the educational program «8D06104 – Computer Engineering and Software» of L.N. Gumilyov Eurasian National University. Conducting a meeting of the dissertation council in a mixed (offline and online) format.
Link: https://clck.ru/3MHvbD
Address: Astana, A. Pushkin str., 11, educational building, auditorium 222.
Abstract (English):ABSTRACT of the dissertation work of ALIYA (SHAKHATOVA) KANATOVA “Development of software for the GPR hardware complex of downhole electrical prospecting radarograms interpretation”, submitted for the degree of Doctor of Philosophy (PhD) in the educational program 8D06104 - Computer engineering and software Relevance of the research topic. In the context of strategic directions for the development of geophysical research, the active implementation of ground-penetrating radar (GPR) investigations and experiments is envisaged in Kazakhstan’s coal mining industry, especially in the Karaganda region. In his Address to the People of Kazakhstan on September 1, 2023, the Head of State, Kassym-Jomart Tokayev, emphasized the intention to implement the "Fair Kazakhstan Economic Course". In this regard, the development of a fair and efficient economy can be supported by the integration of advanced technologies, such as GPR research, into the mining industry strategy. This not only contributes to process optimization but also aligns with the high standards of fair and sustainable development, which is a key aspect of modern geophysics in Kazakhstan. Given the high capital intensity of the coal mining sector, where the main indicator of economic efficiency in exploration is the ratio of discovered mineral reserves to exploration costs, the development of effective geophysical research methods becomes crucial. Particular attention is paid to electrical exploration as a means of reducing costly drilling and mining operations, which constitute a significant part of coal deposit exploration expenses. The need to enhance the effectiveness of electrical exploration is driven by the requirement to improve its scientific and technical level, namely accuracy, depth, resolution, informativeness, and performance. The application of GPR to identify local zones within coal masses and assess their impact on physical properties in the mining area is a vital scientific and technical challenge for Kazakhstan's mining production. Using GPRs of various designs combined with software for radargram interpretation allows for the identification of local zones (voids) and determination of their effect on the physical properties of the investigated massif. This is especially important in environments where the presence of water in these zones creates high contrasts in dielectric permittivity. Additionally, analyzing the dielectric permittivity of dry rocks can provide valuable information about their porosity. However, GPR studies face challenges due to the physical heterogeneity of the geoelectric cross-section, complicating analysis and requiring the development of specialized software. The results of the dissertation research aimed at developing software for radargram interpretation will contribute to solving these issues and enhance the effectiveness of geophysical studies in Kazakhstan's coal industry. The aim of the dissertation research is to develop algorithms and software for a hardware complex for the interpretation of borehole electromagnetic logging radargrams using a GPR of the Mala series. To achieve this goal, the following tasks were defined: 1. Formulate the research problem and review modern geophysical methods for borehole investigation. 2. Study signal denoising algorithms for real GPR data. 3. Analyze radargram interpretation methods based on surface and borehole GPR digital data. 4. Develop algorithms and methods for mathematical modeling of radargram interpretation to determine the geoelectric section using optimization methods based on digital response data. 5. Create an algorithm for the combined formulation of the inverse problem for determining conductivity in the near-borehole space. 6. Develop software for interpreting radargrams based on real borehole electromagnetic logging digital data. Objects of the dissertation research are algorithms and software for the interpretation of borehole electromagnetic logging: determining the geoelectric section of a layered geological medium, conductivity; signal denoising algorithms based on digital data from the Mala GPR receiver (as supplementary information); a software complex for numerical calculations. Subjects of the dissertation research are algorithms and software for determining the geoelectric section based on GPR digital data. Specifically, we investigate signal denoising processes from various noise types received by the device’s antenna. Our analysis includes engineering and technical methods and algorithms based on mathematical and computer modeling for radargram interpretation. Geological studies of coal deposits were also conducted to test the developed algorithms. Research methodology involves using non-destructive methods to study coal seams using geophysical techniques, in particular borehole electromagnetic logging, with hardware tools. Classical noise filtering methods, such as wavelet transforms and various filters, are applied. Mathematical modeling methods are used to investigate electromagnetic wave propagation in heterogeneous media. Numerical algorithms for solving inverse and ill-posed problems are based on optimization techniques. The scientific novelty of the proposed doctoral dissertation lies in the following key aspects: 1. The problem has been formulated and a review of modern geophysical methods for borehole investigation has been carried out. 2. Signal denoising algorithms for real GPR data have been studied. 3. Radargram interpretation methods based on GPR digital data on the surface and in boreholes have been applied. 4. Mathematical modeling of radargram interpretation has been performed to determine the geoelectric section based on the medium’s response digital data using an optimization method. 5. An algorithm for the combined formulation of the inverse problem has been developed to accurately determine conductivity in the near-borehole space. 6. Software has been created for interpreting radargrams based on real digital data from borehole electromagnetic logging. Such a comprehensive approach not only enables accurate recovery of coal seam parameters but also reduces costs and enhances production sustainability. Materials and Methods of Research: The study was based on data from the coal fields of the Karaganda region under open-cast coal mining conditions. The tasks were approached from a systemic perspective, utilizing mathematical statistical methods and computer data processing tools, including geoinformation technologies. Software applications were developed using the C++ programming language. The following propositions of the doctoral dissertation are presented for defense: 1. The research problem was defined, and a review of modern geophysical methods for borehole investigation was conducted, which allowed for the justified selection of appropriate methods for data interpretation. 2. Algorithms for effective denoising of GPR signals from noise and interference were developed and tested, ensuring improved accuracy in processing real data. 3. An analysis of radargram interpretation methods based on digital GPR data from both surface and borehole measurements was carried out, revealing the advantages and limitations of existing methods. 4. Algorithms and methods of mathematical modeling for radargram interpretation were developed and implemented, aimed at determining the geoelectric section using optimization techniques for processing the medium's response digital data. 5. An algorithm for the joint formulation of the inverse problem was proposed and implemented, enabling accurate determination of conductivity in the near-borehole space. 6. Software for interpreting radargrams based on real digital data from borehole electromagnetic logging was developed, ensuring process automation and improved data analysis accuracy. Materials and methods of the research. The work is based on: data from a coal deposit in the Karaganda region in an open coal mining environment. The tasks were solved from the standpoint of a systems approach using the apparatus of mathematical statistics and computer data processing tools, including geoinformation technologies. Software applications were developed in the C++ programming language. The work presents algorithms for the primary processing of digital data obtained by a ground penetrating radar. Electromagnetic pulses caused by the excitation of the transmitting antenna by a nanosecond pulse generator propagate in the studied environment. The receiving antenna converts the electromagnetic response into an electrical signal. This signal is digitized and transmitted to the digital processing unit, where the primary signal processing, its recording in memory and subsequent processing and visualization are performed, possibly using a computer. To solve applied problems, it is necessary to establish the dependence of the signal amplitude on its reflection depth, but the original radargram expresses the dependence of the amplitude on the reflection time. Therefore, it is necessary to get rid of various interferences that hide the useful signal. As a result of the study of the above-surface environment, we received many signals from the receiving antenna for each measurement by the ground penetrating radar. These tracks are visualized by the variable density method in the form of an image. The obtained results demonstrate the adequacy of the mathematical model and the practical applicability of the considered method for interpreting radargrams. The results of the study have been implemented in the educational program of the Karaganda Technical University named after Abylkas Saginov, Obudai University of Hungary and are demonstrated in academic disciplines in these universities. Approbation of the results of the dissertation: The main results of the dissertation were presented at seminars and meetings of the Department of Computer and Software Engineering at L.N. Gumilyov Eurasian National University, the Department of Mechanics and Mathematics at Novosibirsk State University, and the Mining Faculty at Abulkas Saginov Karaganda Technical University. 1. Seminar at the Department of Computational Systems, Novosibirsk State University, 2021. 2. The 10th and 11th International Youth Scientific Schools-Conferences "Theory and Numerical Methods for Solving Inverse and Ill-posed Problems", Novosibirsk, Akademgorodok, 2020 and 2021. Publications: - publications in publications included in the scientometric Scopus databases: - Shishlenin M.A., Shakhatova A.T., Mirgalykyzy T. Recovering of the reservoir conductivity by measurements on the surface using gpr data. Eurasian Journal of Mathematical and Computer Applications, 11(1), 124-138. doi:10.32523/2306-6172-2023-11-1-124-138, - Shishlenin Maxim, Mirgalikyzy Tolkyn, Portnov Vasilyi, Application of GPR Research for the Diagnosis of Decompaction Zones of Coal Massif of Shubarkol Field. Paper presented at the SIST 2021 - 2021 IEEE International Conference on Smart Information Systems and Technologies, doi:10.1109/SIST50301.2021.9465955. - publications in publications included in the scientometric databases of Web of Science: - Shishlenin M.A., Shakhatova A.T., Mirgalykyzy T. Recovering of the reservoir conductivity by measurements on the surface using gpr data. Eurasian Journal of Mathematical and Computer Applications, 11(1), 124-138. doi:10.32523/2306-6172-2023-11-1-124-138, - Articles published in scientific journals recommended by the Ministry Science and Higher Education of the Republic of Kazakhstan: - Mirgaliqyzy T., Shakhatova A.T.Review of modern geophysical methods for borehole investigation. University Works, No. 1, 2021, pp. 89–94. - Mirgaliqyzy T., Shakhatova A.T. Analysis of modern software for radargram interpretation. University Works, No. 3, 2021, pp. 275–279. - Shakhatova A.T., Ozhigin S.G., Olenyuk S.P.Data processing based on the interpretation of electromagnetic field results in a coal deposit.* University Works, No. 4, 2021, pp. 344–350. - Mirgaliqyzy T., Shakhatova T.Algorithm for the joint formulation of the inverse problem to determine conductivity in the near-wellbore space. University Works, No. 1, 2023, pp. 430–433. - Huangan N., Shakhatova A.T., Assainov S.T.Geomechanical assessment of the impact of mining area excavation on the condition of underground geomechanical structures.* University Works, No. 3, 2023. publications published in proceedings of international conferences: - Shakhatova A.T. Application of machine learning for processing geophysical data. "GÝLYM JÁNE BILIM – 2020" Proceedings of the XV International Scientific Conference for students and young scholars. Nur-Sultan: L.N. Gumilyov Eurasian National University, 2020. pp. 693-696. - Mirgalikyzy T., Shakhatova A.T. Scientific and technical review (ground-penetrating radar) of devices: operating principle. Proceedings of the 2nd International Scientific Conference "Scientific Research and Experimental Development" (March 02-03, 2023). London, England, 2023. p. 383. - Mukhamedrakhimov K.U., Mukhamedrakhimova G.I., Shakhatova A.T. Application mining for processing geophysical data. Fundamental and Applied Scientific Research: Current Issues, Achievements, and Innovations: Collection of Articles of the XXXIV International Scientific-Practical Conference. In 2 parts. Part 1. Penza: MCNS "Science and Enlightenment", 2020. pp. 108-111. - certificates of state registration of rights to a copyright object - Mirgalikyzy T., Shakhatova A.T. Program for spectral analysis and wavelet cleaning of radarogram traces (computer program). Intellectual Property Rights Committee of the Ministry of Justice of the Republic of Kazakhstan. Registered in the Committee's registry under No. 37349 dated June 21, 2023. - Kabanikhin S.I., Shishlenin M.A., Shakhatova A.T. Numerical solution of the direct problem in a cylindrical system (scientific work). Intellectual Property Rights Committee of the Ministry of Justice of the Republic of Kazakhstan. Registered in the Committee's registry under No. 38286 dated August 7, 2023. - Implementation acts: integration into the educational process at the "Abylkassym Saginov Karaganda Technical University" in the department of "Information and Computing Systems" for students of the educational program "Computer Engineering and Software"; in the organization. 12 scientific works have been published, including one article and one conference presentation indexed in the Scopus database, 5 articles in scientific publications recommended by the Committee for Control of Education and Science of the Ministry of Education and Science of the Republic of Kazakhstan, 5 scientific presentations in collections of international conferences, with an implementation act confirming the integration of dissertation results into educational and production processes, and 2 certificates of state registration for copyright objects. The reliability of scientific positions, conclusions, and recommendations is supported by statistical analysis of extensive production data based on field research. Structure of the Dissertation. This dissertation covers the full scope and structure of the research. It includes an introduction, four sections, a conclusion, a list of references, and appendices. The introduction substantiates the relevance of the chosen topic, formulates the goal and objectives, object, and subject of the research work. The presented results submitted for defense of the conducted research show their scientific novelty and practical significance. Data on the approbation of the main results of the study are provided. The first paragraph is devoted to the analysis of modern methods of borehole electrical exploration. The theoretical foundations and objectives of this area are considered, and the main methods used in the research are presented. The application of machine learning technologies and Big Data processing methods in geophysics is described. The operating principles of the Mala series ground penetrating radar hardware complex are also considered. The second paragraph presents methods for processing and interpreting ground penetrating radar data. An overview of the technical characteristics of the Karaganda coal basin is provided, and engineering and technical diagnostic methods using borehole and ground electrical exploration are described. The article considers mathematical modeling techniques aimed at determining the response of media at the depth of occurrence of decompression zones of coal massif, as well as methods of above-surface survey of deposits. The third paragraph considers mathematical and computer models for interpreting a geoelectric section. Methods for reconstructing the permittivity of a formation based on ground-penetrating radar data are analyzed. The problem statement for a mathematical model, numerical calculations and processing of digital borehole electrical exploration data are presented. Various approaches to solving inverse problems are described, including a quasi-stationary approximation and a combined statement. The fourth paragraph is devoted to the development of software for interpreting ground-penetrating radar data. An analysis of the design features of various ground-penetrating radars, their structure, features and components is given. A comparative analysis of the RADEXPRO and GEOSCAN software, as well as the interpretation of digital data using Ground Vision, is carried out. Software for processing and visualizing ground-penetrating radar information has been developed. In conclusion, the main results of the study are formulated, conclusions are made about the scientific and practical significance of the work. The author expresses deep gratitude to his scientific adviser PhD, Mirgalikyzy Tolkyn, foreign adviser Doctor of Physical and Mathematical Sciences, Professor of NSU Shishlenin Maksim. The author is grateful to Corresponding Member of the Russian Academy of Sciences, Doctor of Physical and Mathematical Sciences, Professor of NSU Sergey Kabanikhin, for invaluable comments and advice at international conference-schools in the SB RAS. I express gratitude to Associate Professor of the Department of Computer and Software Engineering, PhD Oralbekova Zhanara a, Senior Lecturer of the Department of Computer and Software Engineering of L.N. Gumilyov Eurasian National University Boranbaev Samat, for invaluable consultations, as a result of joint discussions of which a number of joint scientific works were published. I would like to express my gratitude to Doctor of Technical Sciences, Professor of the Karaganda Technical University named after Abylkas Saginov Portnov V.S., Doctor of Technical Sciences, Professor Ozhigin S.G., Ozhigina S.B., PhD Ozhigin D.S., Candidate of Technical Sciences, Associate Professor Olenyuk S.P. for assistance in conducting experimental research at a coal deposit located in the Karaganda region. I would like to sincerely and separately express my gratitude to the Head of the Department of Computer and Software Engineering, Associate Professor Dyusekeyev Kanagat, as well as to the staff of the department, for the opportunity and support provided during the work on the dissertation.
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