Defense of the dissertation of Ormanova Asel Bakhytovna for the degree of Doctor of Philosophy (PhD) in the educational program: «8D02310 – Foreign philology»
The defense of the dissertation for the degree of Doctor of Philosophy (PhD) by Ormanova Asel Bakhytovna on the topic: "The differential features of the terminological corpus interference (based on the material of English, Kazakh and Russian languages)" according to the educational program: "8D02310 – Foreign Philology" will be held at the L.N. Gumilev Eurasian National University.
The dissertation was carried out at the Department of "Foreign Philology" of the L.N. Gumilyov Eurasian National University.
The language of defense is Russian
Official Reviewers:
Shaibakova Damina Disingaleevna - Doctor of Philology, Professor of the Department of Russian Language and Literature, Institute of Philology and Multilingual Education of the Abai Kazakh National Pedagogical University (Almaty, Kazakhstan);
Bayekeeva Ainur Tolybaevna – PhD., Associate Professor of the Higher Humanitarian School of M.S. Narikbayev KazGUU University (Astana, Republic of Kazakhstan).
Temporary members of the Dissertation Council:
Isina Gaukhar Ilekeshevna – Doctor of Philology, Professor of the Department of Foreign Philology and Translation of the E.A. Buketov Karaganda State University (Karaganda, Kazakhstan);
Saurbaev Rishat Zhurkenovich – Candidate of Philological Sciences, Professor of the Department of Foreign Philology of the National Academy of Sciences "Toraigyrov University" (Pavlodar, Kazakhstan);
Nefedova Lilia Amiryanovna – Doctor of Philology, Professor, Dean of the Faculty of Linguistics and Translation of the Federal State Budgetary Educational Institution Chelyabinsk State University (Chelyabinsk, Russia);
Aimagambetova Malika Muratovna – PhD, Senior lecturer, Head of the Department of Foreign Philology and Translation at Al-Farabi Kazakh National University (Almaty, Kazakhstan).
Scientific consultants:
Anafinova Madina Latypovna - Doctor of Philological Sciences, Associate Professor of the Department of Foreign Philology of the Eurasian National University named after L. N. Gumilyov (Astana, Republic of Kazakhstan);
Atanasova-Divitakova Svetlana Dimitrova - PhD, associate professor of the Faculty of Modern Languages of the Velikotyrnovsky University named after Saint Kirill and Methodia (Veliko-Tarnovo, Bulgaria).
The defense will take place on March 16, 2024, at 10:00 AM in the Dissertation Council in the direction of personnel training "8D023 – Languages and Literature" according to the educational program: "8D02310 – Foreign Philology" of the L.N. Gumilyov Eurasian National University. Conducting a meeting of the dissertation council in a mixed (offline and online) format.
Link: Zoom https://us06web.zoom.us/j/89540460155?pwd=wdPDZvMr9aIqFr420i6OrGfJAspKY0.1
Conference ID: 895 4046 0155
Access code: 863612
Address: Astana, K. Satpayev str. 2, room No. 302.
Abstract (English): The modern conditions of globalization, digitalization and informatization of Kazakhstani society, the peculiarities of the development of information infrastructure and linguistic potential of Internet communication, the expansion of language contacts activate the organization of the process of modification of structural components of contacting languages. Multilingualism, as a factor in the formation of a multicultural space, is one of the most important strategic tasks of the development of modernization in Kazakhstan. It is well known that the basis of the mechanism of language dynamics is a new vocabulary presented in all spheres of public life. It is the layer of neologisms that contributes not only to the expansion and development of the lexical potential of a particular language, but also is a trigger that determines the transformational processes of the terminological system of the studied language. In this study, terminology is considered as an artificially formed lexical field, in each unit of which there is a certain restriction for its use, the optimal condition for its existence and development. The problem of language interaction is represented by a large number of fundamental works in foreign and domestic linguistics. There are a number of studies devoted to various aspects of bilingualism and language contacts in the works of foreign authors (I.A. Baudouin de Courtenay, W. Weinreich, G. Bernd, T. Odlin, C. Osgood, M. Siguan, E. Haugen, E.M. Vereshchagin, V.A. Vinogradov, V.Yu. Rosenzweig, I.K. Beloded, Yu.D. Desheriev, V.V. Alimov, Yu.A. Zhluktenko, T. Kuteva) and Kazakhstani (M.M. Kopylenko, E.D. Suleimenova, J.A. Abuov, A.E. Agmanova, D.H. Akanova, D.B. Akynova, N.J. Shaimerdenova, G.D. Aldabergenova, O.B. Altynbekova, A.E. Bizhkenova, J.S. Beisenova, L.V. Ekshembeeva, J.S. Smagulova, D.D. Shaibakova) linguists. The foundations of Kazakh contact linguistics and the theory of bilingualism were laid by A.E. Karlinsky, later the ideas were developed by his followers of the school of language contacts N.S. Pak, Z.K. Akhmetzhanova, D.D. Shaibakova, Z.J. Aukhadieva, A.I. Rabinovich, L.N. Kovylina, V.T. Kirshner, M.T. Tezekbaev, D.B. Akynova and others. The key concept of the theory of language contacts is linguistic interference, which assumes the process and result of the interaction of language systems. The study of linguistic interference is associated with the name of the American scientist Uriel Weinreich, who is the founder of sociolinguistics and contact linguistics. The research work of the scientist "Language contacts" (U. Weinreich "Languages in Contact", 1953) contains a deep and complete analysis of this linguistic phenomenon, presents a detailed description of the concept itself. According to Weinreich, "interference is understood as deviations from the norms of one of the languages that occur in the speech of bilinguals due to language contact." According to our observations, the elaboration of the problem of linguistic influence in Kazakh terminology is indirectly presented in the studies of the founders of Kazakh terminology A. Baitursynov, H. Dosmukhamedov, K. Zhubanov, J. Kuderin, E. Omarov, O. Aitbaev, Sh. Kurmanbayuly, K. Aidarbek, A. Kaidar, M.L. Anafinova, B.A. Akhatova, J.S. Beisenova, A.T. Bayekeeva, A.B. Nugumanova, K.N. Bukharbayeva. Scientists have used various approaches to the analysis of the phenomenon of inconsistencies as a result of interlanguage influence in terminology, thereby making a significant contribution to the analysis of this multidimensional linguistic phenomenon. A comprehensive study of theoretical issues of general terminology and issues of industry terminology is reflected in the works of such foreign researchers as E. Wüster, M.T. Cabré, R. Temmerman, H. Felber, W.E. Flood, J.N. Hough, W. Nedobity, J.C. Sager., P. Faber, G.A. Abramova, K.Ya. Averbukh, M.N. Volodina, B.N. Golovin, S.V. Grineva, P.N. Denisova, A.A. Reformatsky, D.S. Lotte, A.V. Superanskaya, V.M. Leychika, S.D. Shelova, V.P. Danilenko, R.Y. Kobrin, J. Kuderina, L.M. Alekseeva. The relevance of the study of differential signs of interference in terminology is due to modern trends in linguistic phenomena, since in the process of interaction between two or more languages, qualitative changes occur in a special language of contacting linguistic systems, which are explicated in terminological inconsistencies and deviations from the norm. In the modern Kazakh language, interference, as a process and result of interlanguage influence, on the one hand, is closely related to the language of interethnic communication – the Russian language, which for a long time, due to historical and geopolitical reasons, has become widely used in Kazakhstan. On the other hand, in the modern Kazakh language, there are factors of intensive influence of the results of the process of total "anglicisation" of the language collective. The interest in linguistic and extralinguistic aspects of the emergence and manifestation of interference in the development and formation of intersectoral terminology determines the timeliness of this study. The purpose of the dissertation research is a comparative study of the terms of the information space that exhibit features of interference influence at various linguistic levels. To achieve this goal, the following tasks are being solved: 1) a comprehensive study of the phenomenon of interference as a result of linguistic interaction in terminology; 2) analysis of terminological approaches to the study of differential signs of interference influence; 3) description of the interference phenomenon in terms using a case instrument; 4) identification of differential signs of phonetic, spelling, lexical interference of the terminological corpus. The object of the research is the terminological corpus of the Kazakh, Russian and English languages, the differential signs of linguistic interference in terms of the information space are considered as the subject of study. In accordance with the purpose and objectives of the dissertation work, an integrative approach was used, including the following research methods and techniques: 1) descriptive method: collection, systematization, identification of linguistic patterns; 2) linguistic observation; 3) system methods: analysis of dictionary definitions, comparative method; 4) corpus analysis methods; 5) statistical method; 6) method of quantitative and qualitative data processing. The theoretical and methodological basis of the research consists of the works of leading foreign and domestic scientists in the field of the theory of language contacts (U. Weinreich, G. Bernd, T. Kuteva, T. Odlin, C. Osgood, M. Siguan, E. Haugen, I.A. Baudouin de Courtenay, Yu.A. Zhluktenko, E.M. Vereshchagin, V.A. Vinogradov, Yu.D. Desheriev, V.Yu. Rosenzweig, A.E. Karlinsky, M.M. Kopylenko, N.S. Pak, E.D. Suleimenova, N.J. Shaimerdenova, D.D. Shaibakova, J.A. Abuov, A.E. Agmanova, D.B. Akynova, G.D. Aldabergenova, O.B. Altynbekova, Z.K. Akhmetzhanova, J.S. Beisenova, L.V. Ekshembeeva, J.S. Smagulova), in the field of terminology (E. Wuster, M.T. Kabre, P. Faber, E.K. Drezen, D.S. Lotte, A.V. Superanskaya, K.Ya. Averbukh, L.L. Nelyubin, V.M. Leychik, D.M. Shelov, A. Baitursynov, H. Dosmukhamedov, K. Zhubanov, J. Kuderin, E. Omarov, O. Aitbayev, Sh. Kurmanbayuly, K. Aidarbek, A. Kaidar, A.E. Bizhkenova, M.L. Anafinova, B.A. Akhatova, J.S. Beisenova, A.T. Bayekeeva, G.Z. Beisembayeva), in the field of computational linguistics (V.P. Zakharov, R. Pyatrovsky, A. Fedotov, O.A. Dubnyakova, A.B. Nugumanova, K. Bektaev, J. Tusupov, A. Sharipbayev, R. Kenzhetaeva, M. Sambetbayeva). The research material was compiled by a research corpus consisting of 2,000 online publications for 2020-2022 from twenty Kazakhstani news newspapers and magazines in three languages: "Business Mir Kazakhstan", "Tengri News", "Egemen Kazakhstan", "Kazakhstanskaya Pravda", "Forbes Kazakhstan", "Nur.kz ", "Liter", "Massaget", "Kazinform", "Redtram", "Abai.kz ", "Stan.kz", "Martebe.kz ", "365info.kz ", "Institute of State History", "Bugin", "Aiqyn", "Yvision", "Informburo", "7kun.kz ". The choice of online newspaper platforms is determined by the rating on https://br-analytics.ru/blog/top-30-media-kazakhstan/. Terminological and explanatory dictionaries, reference books of the Kazakh, Russian and English languages were also used. The scientific novelty of the work lies in the study and identification of differential signs of interference in the formation of an intersectoral terminological dictionary in the context of Kazakh multilingualism. The focus of research interest is the idea of including the following concepts in the terminology system: interference, as the influence of the English language on the contacting language system, the coefficient of interference, expressing the ratio of occurrences of a term in L1 to the occurrence of an equivalent term in L2. The theoretical significance of the research lies in the fact that this scientific research makes a definite contribution to the development of the theory of language contacts and terminology, expands existing knowledge about linguistic interference in the structural and functional aspect through the prism of three contacting languages. The undertaken research contributes to a deeper understanding of the differentiated development of the properties of the interfered terminological units, as well as the processes of the impact of the professional vocabulary of one language on another. The practical value of the work lies in the use of the results obtained in lecture courses on terminology, theory of language contacts, corpus linguistics, revealing the problems of language interaction and interference. The importance of the study is attached to the phonetic, morphological, and lexical analysis of the terms of the modern information space, which exhibit features of interlanguage influence. A unique basis for solving certain linguistic problems is the formed research corpus of texts of electronic publications of news newspapers and magazines, representing the linguistic state for the years 2020-2022. The research is based on the hypothesis that the identification of differential signs of phonetic, spelling, and lexical interference leads to the need to update and use more organized and unified forms of interfered terms in scientific, technical, and communicative fields of activity. In order to verify this hypothesis, the following provisions are put forward: 1. The introduction of terms and nominative constructions in one language may entail changes in the terminology of other languages, leading to linguistic interference. Linguistic interference in the terminological corpus of English, Kazakh and Russian languages is manifested by identifying differential features of terminological units. 2. The influence of the English language directly or indirectly through the Russian language leads to changes in the professional vocabulary of the Kazakh language, through transformational processes in phonetic terms, spelling norms, and the expansion of the terminological layer. 3. The research corpus of texts of the information space presents the modern Kazakh terminological situation, which is characterized by the interaction and mutual influence of the contacting languages. 4. The terminological corpus is characterized by interference, since in polylinguocultural conditions terminology undergoes changes, borrowings appear, pronunciation and spelling of terms are transformed, thereby contacting language systems adapt to each other. The first section "Theoretical prerequisites for the study of linguistic interference in the terminological corpus" presents the theoretical foundations of the theory of modern terminological research, language contacts, bilingualism and one of the key concepts – the phenomenon of interference. The basis of the first section was the definition of the term as a linguistic sign, denoting an exact scientific concept and correlated with similar units in a specific industry, terminological typologization and approaches to its research. In the second paragraph of the section, it was proposed to introduce the concept “engference”, as the influence of the English language on the contacting language system. In the first paragraph of the second section "Terminological analysis of differential signs of interference of lexical units", the computer program #LancsBox 6.0 was presented as a corpus linguistics tool for processing publications of Kazakhstani online news portals for subsequent identification of interfered terms in three contact language systems. In the second paragraph, "Analysis of differential signs of interference in terms of the information space," cases of phonetic, spelling, and lexical interference in terms of the modern information space were described. In cases of lexical interference, it was proposed to introduce the concept “interference coefficient” expressing the ratio of occurrences of a term in L1 to the occurrence of an equivalent term in L2. The dissertation research confirms the hypothesis that the identified differential signs of interference at the phonetic, spelling and lexico-semantic levels contribute to a more accurate and uniform use of interfered terms in scientific, technical and communicative fields of activity. Based on the conducted research, the following conclusions are made: 1. A comprehensive analysis of fundamental and special studies of various approaches of the terminological system gives grounds to single out the term as the main unit for defining the phenomenon of interference. Having studied the terminological literature in detail, we were able to identify and establish the most relevant information proving the functioning of the terminological system according to certain canons of scientific knowledge, as well as describing the main specific characteristics of the vocabulary of the terminological space. The presented research concepts reveal the meaningful nature of modern areas of linguistic and terminological studies using the achievements of corpus linguistics, the methodological base of computational linguistics, as well as the categorical and conceptual apparatus of these areas of scientific activity. According to the study, interference in the formed terminological corpus can be observed at various levels of the general linguistic structure, since this scientific phenomenon manifests itself in deviations from the norms of the terminological system at the phonetic, spelling and lexico-semantic levels. Within the framework of the comparative aspect of studying terminological units reflecting the result of the interference process, terminological methods were used that take into account the specifics of the terminological system as an integrity. It should be noted the importance of using a textual approach in the context of computational linguistics, through the prism of which the stages of the interference of terms were presented. Interlanguage influence, as a complex structural and semantic organization, has sufficient grounds for classification and typologization, therefore, the signs are the nature of language interaction, the degree and place of manifestation of linguistic interaction, and the type of communication. In this regard, interference is differentiated as interlanguage and interlanguage, paradigmatic and syntagmatic, external and internal, direct and indirect. Based on the peculiarities of the manifestation of interference at the language levels, the varieties corresponding to the subsystem of the language are distinguished: sound, spelling, grammatical, lexical, semantic and stylistic interference. Consistently considering the semantic space of interference influence in the terminological corpus, we were convinced of the dual position of the interlanguage phenomenon, which characterizes interference from the position of a negative attitude and from the positive side. Categorical is the assertion of interference as a negative phenomenon in language contact, expressed in violations of language norms, which represents an obvious deviation in the linguistic structure. From a positive point of view, interference is positioned as the transfer of knowledge of a common typological property through the mutual enrichment of contacting language systems. It is worth emphasizing that the determining influence on the organization and formation of the interference phenomenon in the terminological corpus is exerted by extralinguistic and linguistic factors proper, including differences and similarities between language systems, interlanguage identification, type of bilingualism, social status of language, business communication conditions, the emotional state of communicants and their individual linguistic abilities. 2. Linguistic interference is an integral part of the communicative process and is clearly manifested especially in a multilingual and cultural environment. In connection with this mutual influence of languages caused by modern global processes of digitalization and "anglicization", we propose to introduce into scientific use and, accordingly, the thesaurus the concept "engference", formed by merging two English terms English and interference. The formation of the proposed term is conditioned and justified by the fact that engference reflects the influence of the English language on the contacting language system. In the context of this study, the influence of the English language on the Kazakh terminological system is considered directly or indirectly through the Russian language. 3. The specifics of working with the terminological corpus lies in the correct processing of a large array of textual information of a special branch of knowledge, therefore, a large amount of textual material was processed by corpus and computational linguistics tools. To implement the research tasks and verify the proposed abstracts, we used the #LancsBox 6.0 program, with which a RTC was formed from 2000 authentic texts in three languages (Russian, Kazakh, English) of twenty Kazakhstani online news portals for 2020-2022. As a result of computer processing of a large number of texts, corpus characteristics of terms were identified, including frequency of use, number of occurrences, collocation, word forms, number of publications, and source. The use of the functionality of corpus linguistics tools contributed to the analysis of a wide terminological range and made it possible to form a list of the frequency of terminological units. The research part of the dissertation work presents the main RTC we have formed, representing three contacting languages, as well as a specially created corpus of texts in the Kazakh language to reflect objective data and a sufficient number of linguistic facts confirming the authenticity of the results obtained. We draw attention to the modernized design and presentation of empirical material, in particular the frequency category, as well as the two created RTCs, through QR codes. The concretized focus of the search is due to further phonetic, spelling, and lexico-semantic analyses of the interfered terms that arose as a result of the interaction of the contacting languages. 4. On the basis of illustrative material consisting of authentic texts of the information space, an analysis of the structure of the sound system of intersectoral terms subjected to interference was carried out, an orthographic assessment of the orthograms available in the terminological units under consideration was given, their lexical and semantic dimension was described. We have determined that the differential signs of phonetic interference are deviations from the norm in the orthoepic aspect, in which the pronunciation of terms has differences related to the peculiarities of a foreign language accent, sound substance, and different types of stress. In case of orthographic interference, the differential signs are expressed in the transfer of the norms of the combined or separate spelling of terms, the presence or absence of certain lexemes in the term. The differential properties of lexical interference are the functioning of equivalent terminological units, the borrowing of non-equivalent foreign language terms into the sphere of professional lexics. The separately created RTC of the Kazakh language provided a unique opportunity to study and identify equivalent terms that simultaneously and equally function in the information field. For the scientific description and understanding of the research process related to the subject area of this study, we came to the conclusion that it is advisable to designate the ratio of the norm L1 to the norm L2 by the concept of "interference coefficient (k)". The category "interference coefficient" proposed by us characterizes one of the stages of detecting interfered units, since "k" is directly proportional to the frequency and number of occurrences of a terminological unit in the native language. As a result of the analysis using the "k" tool, two cases of mutual influence were identified: with the dominance of the Kazakh norm over the foreign language norm, in which k˃1; on the contrary, the dominance of the foreign language norm, in which k˂1. An important point is that interfered terms can show signs of interlanguage influence at several levels simultaneously, thereby demonstrating deviations from phonetic, spelling and lexico-semantic norms. During the dissertation research, 4810 terms were identified and analyzed, of which 1810 were interfered with: 6% of cases are phonetic interference, 39% are orthographic, 55% are lexical. In the process of studying the interfered terminological units, we found that the interference influence is not always negative, on the contrary, there are cases in which the mutual influence of languages facilitates the pronunciation side of the professional communication process, when a bilingual, identifying the phoneme of the secondary system with the phoneme of the primary, reproduces it according to the phonetic rules of the primary language; spelling interference facilitates the process of writing international terms due to the use of generally accepted transliteration; The use of a borrowed term in lexical interference facilitates communication to some extent, makes it international, modern and accessible. Approbation of the work. The main content of this research is reflected in publications and reports of international scientific conferences: "Gylym jane bilim-2020" (Nur-Sultan, Kazakhstan, 2020); "Topical issues of philology" (Penza, 2020); "Languages, cultures, communications" (Veliko Tarnovo, 2021); "Heritage of A. Baitursynov: the formation and functioning of terminology in the conditions of modern Kazakh multilingualism and the interaction of languages" (Astana, 2022); also, the abstracts of scientific research are presented at scientific and methodological seminars of doctoral students of the Department of Foreign Philology of the L.N. Gumilev ENU. Based on the research materials, 9 papers have been published: 4 of which are in publications recommended by the Committee for Quality Assurance in Education and Science of the Ministry of Science and Higher Education of the Republic of Kazakhstan; 1 – in a journal included in the Scopus database (55%); 3 – in collections of international conferences; 1 – in an international journal. The structure and scope of the dissertation. The dissertation consists of an introduction, two sections, a conclusion, a list of references and appendices. The qualification work is presented on 118 pages: the main content is 109 pages; Appendix A is presented through QR codes.
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