Defense of the dissertation of Moldasheva Zhadra for the degree of Doctor of Philosophy (PhD) to the educational program «8D06103 - Information systems»
L.N. Gumilyov Eurasian National University, a dissertation defense for the degree of Doctor of Philosophy (PhD) by Moldasheva Zhadra to the educational program «Development of data system for optimizing of the oil pipeline heating stations» in the field of «8D06103 – Information systems».
The dissertation was carried out at the «Information systems» of L.N. Gumilyov Eurasian National University.
The language of defense is kazakh
Official reviewers:
Orazbekov Zhassulan – Doctor of Philosophy (PhD), associate professor of Department of Informatics and Informatization of education, Kazakh National Pedagogical University named after Abay (Almaty, Kazakhstan).
Kongyrbayev Nurbek – Doctor of Philosophy (PhD), Associate Professor, Head of the educational program «Computer Science» Korkyt Ata Kyzylorda University (Kyzylorda Kazakhstan).
Temporary members of the Dissertation Committee:
Kultan Jaroslav– PhD, Associate Professor of Applied Informatics Department, University of Economics (Bratislava, Slovakia);
Ismailova Aisulu – Doctor of Philosophy (PhD), Associate Professor, Acting Professor of the Department of Information Systems at the S. Seifullin Kazakh Agrotechnical Research University (Astana, Kazakhstan);
Mamyrbayev Orken – Doctor of Philosophy (PhD), Associate Professor, Deputy General Director of the Institute of Information and Computing Technologies CS MSHE RK (Almaty, Kazakhstan).
Academic Advisors:
La Lira – Candidate of Technical Sciences, Associate Professor of the Information Systems Department, L.N. Gumilyov Eurasian National University (Astana, Kazakhstan).
Orazbayev Batyrbay – Doctor of Technical Sciences, Professor of the System Analysis and Management Department, L.N. Gumilyov Eurasian National University (Astana, Kazakhstan).
The defense will take place on April 24, 2024, at 02:00 PM in the Dissertation Council for the training direction «8D061 – Information and communication technologies» in the specialty «8D06103 – Information systems» of L.N. Gumilyov Eurasian National University. The defense meeting is planned to be held online.
Link: https://clck.ru/39RppB
Address: Astana, st. K.Satpayeva, 2, room №302.
Abstract (English): Dissertation for the Degree of Doctor of Philosophy (PhD) on specialty 8D06103 – "Information systems". Moldasheva Zhadra Zholamanovna «Development of data system for optimizing of the oil pipeline heating stations» Urgency of the research. An important role in the effective development and use of large oil and gas reserves of the Republic of Kazakhstan in the development of the country's economy is played by determining and choosing the optimal operating modes of technological facilities for transporting extracted oil through main oil pipelines. This dissertation research paper is devoted to the study and effective solution of the problems of optimizing the operating modes of these technological facilities of the oil pumping pipeline. The dynamic development of the oil and gas industry in Kazakhstan, its prospects and the related need for effective management of oil transportation processes through main oil pipelines require scientifically sound solutions to various production tasks. In this regard, much attention is paid to optimizing the operating modes of main oil pipeline facilities. However, most of the research works are devoted to the selection of the optimal route of main pipelines, consideration of issues of production and technological individual technological processes, modernization of specific units, identification of defects and automation based on old technologies. To effectively solve the problems of optimal management of complex technological complexes, such as oil trunk pipelines, it is necessary to apply the latest achievements of mathematical approaches and new information technology tools based on a systematic approach. At the same time, many complex production facilities, including existing oil trunk pipelines, are characterized by the absence and vagueness of initial information. All this complicates the tasks of studying oil pipelines, building their mathematical models and optimizing operating modes. For the optimal solution of these tasks of the oil transportation system via main pipelines, it is necessary to take into account economic, environmental and technological criteria that evaluate the efficiency of the system, i.e. the vector of criteria, numerous limitations and the absence and vagueness of initial information. Optimization of the operating modes of a production facility in such difficult conditions is impossible, as already mentioned, without the help of modern mathematical approaches and computer technologies. The facilities of the main oil pipelines, such as oil refining stations (pipe heater) are a complex of interconnected units. Therefore, it is necessary to create a package of models in which these aggregates are balanced according to their models. In the conditions of fuzziness caused by the fuzziness of the initial information, the construction of mathematical models of their own interconnected objects, such as oil pipelines, the formulation of tasks for multi-criteria selection of the optimal mode of the technological complex and their solution are still among the insufficiently considered and completely unresolved in scientific research. For these reasons, the most important and relevant are the construction of mathematical models of oil pipeline heating stations in conditions of fuzziness and multiparametric conditions of the initial information studied in this dissertation, approaches to the multi-criteria selection of optimal modes of operation of the facility based on them. The purpose and scientific results of the dissertation research. The purpose of the research work is to create mathematical models of oil pipeline heating stations obtained as an object of research, and using them to create the basis of an information optimization system to determine the optimal operating mode of the facility. The following main results and concepts obtained during the study are presented for protection: а) a technique for constructing mathematical models of a technological object characterized by quantitative complexity, based on the systematic use of fuzzy information and other available data in the form of knowledge, experience, intuition by expert specialists and decision makers (DM); b) mathematical models of technological facilities of the oil heating station (OHS), characterized by vagueness and lack of information; c) mathematical representations of perception problems based on modified various compromise schemes and proposed dialogue algorithms for their effective solution in the case of ambiguously described criteria and constraints; d) the proposed architecture and the main functional blocks of the information system for decision-making support for the selection of effective modes of operation of the oil heating station. The scientific novelty of the dissertation. The scientific novelty of the results obtained in the course of the study consists in: 1. The novelty of the methodology for constructing mathematical models of technological objects characterized by the lack of initial information on the example of OHS lies in the knowledge, experience and intuition of expert specialists and DM, i.e. in the systematic use of unreliable information and available statistical data, theoretical data. As a result, it is possible to build an adequate model of a complex object in accordance with the emergent property of the systems. Based on the proposed methodology, as a result of the system analysis, the type of model that should be built on each unit is determined, and they are combined into one package of models in accordance with the flow diagram of the technological process. 2. The novelty and features of mathematical models of constructed OHS technological facilities lies in the fact that models built with the systematic use of fuzzy information, statistical data and theoretical data and combined into one package allow you to systematically simulate the operation of a heating station, determine its "thin place", i.e. a problematic element and organize effective work. 3. The mathematical formulation of decision-making problems characterized by fuzzy criteria and constraints, and the novelty of the proposed algorithms for their solution lies in their use of various compromise schemes adapted to fuzziness and the maximum use of accumulated fuzzy information. This is due to the fact that in well-known methods for solving fuzzy problems based on α-level sets, a significant part of the accumulated fuzzy information is lost when converting a fuzzy problem into a set of explicit tasks, that is, it is not used. And this leads to a decrease in the adequacy of solving a fuzzy problem. Since the fuzzy information collected in the proposed algorithms is used most fully, the solution to the fuzzy problem will be very adequate. 4. A distinctive feature of the decision support information system for choosing effective operating modes of an oil heating station from other similar systems is that the proposed decision-making system includes algorithms and mathematical models of decision-making that allow determining effective operating modes of OHS in conditions of fuzziness, based on the knowledge, experience and intelligence of expert specialists and DM. The proposed system will also have a user-friendly interface. The object of research – in the dissertation research, the object of research is the Atyrau oil refining station of the Uzen-Samara main oil pipeline. Scope of research. The scope of the dissertation research is the construction of mathematical models of technological objects due to unreliable information available in conditions of incompleteness of initial information, and approaches adapted to fuzziness to solving decision-making problems in conflict multicriteria conditions. Methodologies and methods of research. To achieve the formulated goal of the dissertation and to fulfill the set research tasks, fuzzy set theory approaches based on a system analysis approach are used, including well-known determinants, statistical mathematical approaches, mathematical modeling adapted to a fuzzy environment, decision-making approaches, and expert assessment methods. Methods of production and practical verification of research results will also be used in the work. Personal contribution of the author. The researcher's personal contribution to the research results obtained during the performance of the dissertation work is: – the analysis of the problems studied in the work, the definition of the purpose and objectives of the dissertation, the justification of the methodology and approaches to solving the tasks set, the formulation of scientific principles and results submitted for defense; – improving the methodology for constructing effective mathematical models of real production technological facilities based on information of various types, characterized by the absence and vagueness of information in practice; – building the packet of related models of OHS technological facilities at the Atyrau point of the Uzen-Samara oil trunk pipeline; – mathematical statements of decision-making tasks for choosing an effective OHS operating mode, characterized by fuzziness and contradictions of optimization criteria, and dialogue algorithms for their solution; verification and approbation of research results in practice, i.e. in production conditions. Approbation of the results of the dissertation. The main results of the dissertation work and research results were reported and discussed at the following foreign, international, republican scientific and practical conferences: 5 pieces in international publications with a non-zero impact factor included in the Scopus database: 1. Development of mathematical models and optimization of operation modes of the oil heating station of main oil pipelines under conditions of fuzzy initial information // Eastern-European Journal of Enterprise Technologies. – 2021. – Vol. 6, №2(114). – Р. 147-162 (percentile 48). 2. Method Of Developing Models Of Chemical And Technological Systems Of Oil Refining Under Uncertainty // News of the National Academy of Sciences of the Republic of Kazakhstan. Series of Geology and Technical Sciences. – 2022. – №4. – Р. 152-170 (percentile 47). 3. Modeling And Optimization Of Operating Modes Of Oil Heating Tube Furnaces // News of the National Academy of Sciences of the Republic of Kazakhstan. Series of Geology and Technical Sciences. – 2022. – №5. – Р. 156-175 (percentile 47). 4. Problems Of Increasing The Depth Of Geological Exploration And Oil Refining In Kazakhstan And Approaches To Their Solution // News of the National Academy of Sciences of the Republic of Kazakhstan. Series of Geology and Technical Sciences. – 2022. – №6(456). – Р. 168-278 (percentile 47). 5. Automated systems for main oil pipelines diagnostics and control // IOP Conference Series: Materials Science and Engineering 3rd International Conference on Advanced Technologies in Aerospace, Mechanical and Automation Engineering, MIST: Aerospace 2020, 20 November 2020 - 21 November 2020, (percentile 35). In editions recommended by the Ministry of Science and Higher Education of the RoK – 4 pieces: 1. Moldasheva Zh.Zh., Orazbayev B.B. Goncharov V.I. Orazbayeva K.N., "Diagnostics of the oil transportation management system via main pipelines"// Herald of the National Academy of Sciences Al-Farabi Kazakh National University. "The Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the Republic of Kazakhstan. Physics and Computer Science Series" 2, 2022. 2 (342). -С.112-129. 2. Orazbayev B.B., Moldasheva Zh.Zh., La L. L., Orazbayeva K.N., Tuleuov Zh. N., Utenova B.E. "Development of models of the oil heating station of the main oil pipelines in the conditions of vagueness of the initial information" // Herald of the RoK. 2022. № 1 (83) -С. 71-82. 3. Moldasheva Zh.Zh., Orazbayev B.B. Goncharov V.I. Orazbayeva K.N., "Development of a heuristic decision-making method for controlling the operating modes of oil pipeline units"// Herald of the National Academy of Sciences Al-Farabi Kazakh National University. Informatics Series, 3, 2022.. -С.164-185 4. Orazbayev B.B. Moldasheva Zh.Zh., Assanova B.U., Iskakova S.Sh. "Development of a heuristic decision-making method for controlling the operating modes of oil pipeline units."News of the National Academy of Sciences of the RK, Physico-Mathematical series Vol. 3. № 347. -С.28–43 In the materials of international conferences of non-CIS countries and the Republic of Kazakhstan 5 pieces: – All-Russian Conference on Mathematics with international participation (Barnaul: Altai State University, 2022; ISSN:2687-0118); – International scientific and practical conference "Youth and Science: present and future" (Atyrau: Atyrau University named after Kh. Dosmukhamedov, 2022; ISBN 978-601-262-471-7); Scope and structure of the dissertation. The dissertation research work consists of an introduction, the main part of 4 Articles, a list of used sources of 130 titles, a conclusion and 7 appendices. The main volume of the work contains 141 pages, including 16 figures and 3 tables. The introduction indicates the scientific information of the study, substantiates the relevance of the topic, the degree of its development in theory and practice, defines the purpose, object, subject and objectives of the study, reveals the scientific novelty of the study, the theoretical and practical significance of the work, defines research methods, indicates the conclusions submitted for protection, presents the personal contribution of the author, a list of publications and approbation the results of the work. In the first article, the basics and features of technological units for transporting oil through main pipelines are studied. The current state of Kazakhstan's main oil pipelines is analyzed, and the features of oil pumping technologies with oil pumping systems are described. The results of the study of various approaches to the construction of mathematical models of technological objects and optimization of their parameters are presented. It is shown that the application of traditional modeling and optimization methods to such complex, fuzzy production systems as oil trunk pipelines is ineffective due to the lack and lack of quantitative information about the parameters and conditions of facilities. It is proved that in such cases it is possible to obtain the mathematical apparatus of the theory of fuzzy sets, a method and tool for collecting, processing and applying non-obvious information necessary for effective modeling of complex objects characterized by uncertainty and the choice of optimal operating modes. 2. The systems of diagnostics and management of oil transportation through pipelines, environmental protection and reduction of losses during oil transportation through main pipelines are investigated. The importance of preventing such disasters is emphasized, since the consequences of apapats that can occur during oil transportation have a negative impact on the ground layer, vegetation, air layer, wildlife, that is, the entire environment. The environmental consequences of the construction and operation of trunk pipelines for the environment are analyzed. It is proved that when transporting oil through pipelines, since the process takes place in a closed, sealed environment, the environmental hazard is lower than with other methods of oil transportation, and its economic efficiency is higher due to the continuity of the transportation process. The systems of diagnostics of oil transportation facilities and optimization of their operation modes are investigated and described. Currently, dispatch control and data collection (SCADA) systems are provided to ensure effective management of the operation section of the main oil pipeline. It is shown that the use of modern SCADA technologies, telemechanics and automated control systems makes it possible to solve the problems of functional diagnostics, deviations of technological modes of pipelines of oil and petroleum products. The review of independent assessment algorithms developed for the diagnosis of gases accumulated in oil pipelines is carried out. 3. The issues of optimization of operating modes of technological facilities of main oil pipelines according to economic and environmental criteria based on their mathematical models are investigated. The types of mathematical models, features and approaches to their construction are analyzed. It is proved that, since some parameters and indicators of technological facilities of main oil pipelines in production conditions are characterized by fuzziness, it is advisable to apply fuzzy set theory approaches when constructing their mathematical models and optimizing operating modes. 4. The problems of multi-criteria choice and decision-making tasks have been studied approaches to their solution. The main stages of the approach to formalization and solving problems of choosing optimal modes of operation of multicriteria facilities characterized by multicriteria and vagueness of some information, such as an oil superheating station of main pipelines, are presented. The calculation of the choice of the optimal operating mode of the oil heating station as a whole is presented in the form of a calculation of multi-criteria optimization. The main problems arising in solving the tasks of multi-criteria optimization and decision-making are considered: the choice of the principle of optimality; the opposition of local criteria to each other; reconciliation of individual criteria into a single integrated criterion; normalization of criteria; problems of prioritizing local criteria and describing the fuzziness of criteria and constraints, approaches to their solution are considered. In general, the oil heating station is formulated as a multi-criteria fuzzy mathematical programming (FMP) problem with optimal operation mode, calculation of the choice of multi-criteria and fuzzy. As an approach to the effective solution of the obtained problem, a mathematical model of the research object and an approach to solving it using a specially created information optimization system and choosing the optimal operating mode of the object are proposed. The second article. 1. In this article, the methods of constructing mathematical models of the main technological facilities of main oil pumping pipelines in various conditions related to the description of the initial information are studied and improved. The work of oil heating stations on the Kulsary-Atyrau section of the Uzen-Atyrau-Samara main oil pipeline, which is the object of the study, has been studied and described. The main units and sections of the oil pumping system are described. The features of the "hot" oil pipeline technology are considered. 2. Equations, i.e. mathematical models of processes and technological objects of oil transportation through pipelines under deterministic conditions, used in the calculation of thermal processes of oil pipelines, are studied and formulated. Approaches to the refinement and improvement of these models are proposed. The assumptions that can be taken into account when constructing a mathematical model of the process of pumping oil through a "hot" main oil pipeline are formulated. A mathematical model of the oil transportation process through the Kulsary-Atyrau "hot" pipeline, which is a research site, is presented. The features of modeling the process of pumping oil through a "hot" pipe are analyzed. 3. The issues of constructing a mathematical characteristic and a model of the object of study of a "hot" main oil pipeline in conditions of fuzziness are investigated. In the case of fuzzy initial information, an approach to the construction of mathematical models based on fuzzy information is described. In terms of fuzziness, it is formulated that, depending on the nature of the input and output parameters of the object of study, either a fuzzy model is built (when the input parameters are clear, the output parameters are fuzzy), or a linguistic model (when the input and output parameters are fuzzy). 4. The results of constructing mathematical models of the main oil pipeline units based on fuzzy information are presented. Experimental-statistical and DM, with the joint use of ambiguous information obtained from experts based on their knowledge, experience, intuition: models of oil heating stations; models of oil pumping stations; models of the linear part of the oil pipeline are constructed in the form of composite models. A method for identifying fuzzy parameters of models based on fuzzy information is proposed and described. 5. The problems of constructing and modeling a mathematical model of the stress-strain state of underwater pipes are investigated. In this case, the main hypotheses and assumptions accepted in the problems of underwater pipe mechanics, which we use when formulating the equations necessary for modeling, are given. A mathematical model of a nonlinear elastic pipe is formulated and presented, when creating which the wall thickness is variable. In the third article. 1. The tasks of choosing the effective mode of operation of the main oil pipeline heating station in fuzziness are formulated, and heuristic algorithms implemented with the participation of the decision maker are developed for their effective solution. To solve multi-criteria problems, various modified compromise schemes and optimality principles were used, taking into account the fuzziness of the initial information. In the conditions of fuzziness of multi-criteria and initial information, the tasks of choosing effective operating modes of oil pipeline heating stations are formalized and accurate mathematical representations are obtained. 2. A complex of heuristic algorithms, performed in an interactive mode, has been developed to solve the problems of multi-criteria selection of the optimal operating mode of the supplied oil pipeline heating station in a fuzzy environment. The developed algorithms are based on the application of various compromise schemes – the principles of optimality and their combination (the main criterion (MС) and Pareto optimality (PO); the principle of relative compromise (RC) and equality (PE); the main criterion and the ideal point (IP). The principles of optimality used to work in a fuzzy environment have been modified and implemented in the presence of a human, a DM. The algorithms of MC+PO, RC+PO, PO have been developed and studied in collaboration, and the algorithms of the software and MC+IP were developed and used by the author of the received work. The obtained multi-criteria selection problems and algorithms for their solution are adapted to fuzziness and generalized types of multi-criteria selection problems and are able to work both in individual cases and in the presence of quantitative information. 3. In the developed fuzziness, the properties of multicriteria selection algorithms are studied and the method of choosing a specific algorithm for solving a specific selection problem is described. The correctness of the proposed algorithms, their operability and convergence are analyzed, and their effectiveness is described. The method of selecting a specific multi-criteria effective mode from the proposed set of algorithms for solving the problem is described, depending on the production situation, the type of information available, DM preferences and algorithm properties. 4. The criteria and limitations of decision-making and choice in optimizing the oil pumping system are given. 5. At the Atyrau point of the Uzen-Atyrau-Samara oil pipeline, a test production calculation was obtained for choosing the optimal operating mode of the oil heating station, which was effectively solved using the developed MC+RC algorithm. The results of solving the problem of multi-criteria selection of the OHS operating mode by a well-known deterministic approach proposed in a fuzzy way are compared with proprietary and reliable production data. As a result of the comparison, the effectiveness and advantages of the proposed approach to optimization calculation are shown. In the fourth article. 1. In this section, the issues of creating the structure and developing the main blocks of the information system for optimizing the operating mode of the oil pipeline heating station are discussed. The structure of the information system for the multi-criteria selection of the effective operating mode of the oil heating station is proposed and its main functional blocks are described. 2. The issues of creating automated control systems (ACS) for technological processes of main oil pipelines are investigated. An automated control system scheme (ACS) for the operation of the Uzen-Atyrau oil trunk pipeline is presented. Schemes for the operation of oil pipeline systems at the level of software products and databases have been developed. On the basis of this system of operation of the oil pipeline system, an automated control system for oil pipeline facilities and a complex of technical means of automated process control systems (APCS) will be created. 3. The directions of development of the decision support system for choosing the optimal mode of operation of a technological facility, prospects for applying the results and continuing research are considered. The developed intellectualized IS SDM structure allows in the future, if necessary, to expand the mathematical support of the system, gaining access to new functions and capabilities. Also, the proposed IS SDM structure, in the presence of appropriate hardware and technical, in particular, a communication device with the object and additional software, allows you to close the control cycle, i.e. the computer will be able to directly control the processes of heating, pumping oil, without human intervention. The proposed approaches to building models based on fuzzy information, multi-criteria optimization, decision-making algorithms can be effectively used in solving production problems in various industries such as oil refining, petrochemistry, metallurgy, etc. The conclusion summarizes the results of the study and the conclusions presented for defense, confirms and proves the truth of the main conclusions. The appendix contains materials of practical research. The author, scientific consultants Orazbayev Batyrbai Bidaibekovich, La Lira Lvovna expresses special gratitude for numerous useful tips and assistance in solving the tasks set to create a model of system analysis, expert assessment methods, methods of constructing mathematical models, including methods of the theory of fuzzy sets in fuzzy environments, methods of multi-criteria optimization and decision-making, methods of development and the design of information systems that contribute to solving the tasks set to create an effective and new model. The author also expresses gratitude to Goncharov Valery Ivanovich, a foreign scientific consultant (TPU, Tomsk) for honest and comprehensive help and support, for professionalism and interest in the work, noting that his relationship had a significant impact on the development of the concepts of this study. The author also expresses gratitude for the help in conducting scientific research based on the database to the management of the Atyrau oil heating station of the Uzen-Atyrau oil pipeline of the Atyrau Oil Pumping Department.
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