Defense of the dissertation of Aliyeva Ainur Omirbekovna for the degree of Doctor of Philosophy (PhD) in the specialty «6D052100 - State audit»

L.N. Gumilyov Eurasian National University, a dissertation defense for the degree of Doctor of Philosophy (PhD) by Aliyeva Ainur Omirbekovna on the topic «State audit of the consolidated financial report of the Republic budget: theory, methodology» in the specialty of «6D052100 - State audit».

The dissertation was carried out at the Department of «State audit» of L.N. Gumilyov Eurasian National University.

The language of defense is russian.

Official reviewers:

Tusibayeva Gulmira Sergeevna - PhD, Associate Professor of the Department of Accounting and Auditing at Esil University (Astana, Republic of Kazakhstan);

Kuzgibekova Svetlana Bolatovna - Candidate of Economic Sciences, Chief Consultant - State Auditor of the Expert and Analytical work sector of the Quasi-Public Sector Audit Department of the Supreme Audit Chamber of the Republic of Kazakhstan (Astana, Republic of Kazakhstan).

Temporary members of the Dissertation Council:

Rakhimova Gulmira Akhmetovna - Candidate of Economic Sciences, Associate Professor of the Department of Accounting and Finance of the Kazakh Agrotechnical Research University named after S. Seifullin (Astana, Republic of Kazakhstan);

Esymkhanova Zeynegul Klyshbekovna - PhD, Associate Professor of the Department of Accounting and Auditing at Esil University (Astana, Republic of Kazakhstan);

Syzdykova Elmira Zhaslanovna - Candidate of Economic Sciences, Associate Professor, Professor of the Department of Accounting and Auditing of the Karaganda University named after Academician E.B. Buketov (Karaganda, Republic of Kazakhstan);

Petrov Alexander Mikhailovich - Doctor of Economics, Professor of the Department of Business Analytics at the Faculty of Taxes, Audit and Business Analysis of the Federal State Educational Budgetary Institution of Higher Education «Financial University under the Government of the Russian Federation» (Moscow, Russia);

Pankov Dmitry Alekseevich - Doctor of Economics, Professor, Head of the Department «Accounting, Analysis and Audit in the sectors of the national economy» of the Belarusian State University of Economics (Minsk, Belarus).

Scientific consultants:

Shakharova Aliya Yerkimbaevna - Candidate of Economic Sciences, Associate Professor, Acting Professor of the Department of State Audit at L.N. Gumilev ENU (Astana, Republic of Kazakhstan);

Nikifirova Elena Vladimirovna - Doctor of Economics, Professor of the Department of Economics and Finance at the Financial University under the Government of the Russian Federation (St.Petersburg branch, Russian Federation).

The defense will take place on June 26, 2024, at 02:00 PM in the Dissertation Council for the training direction «8D041 - Business and administration» in the specialty «6D052100 - State audit» of L.N. Gumilyov Eurasian National University. The defense meeting is planned to be held offline and online.

Link: http://surl.li/pizvb

E-mail: alibekova_ab@enu.kz

Address: Astana, K. Satpayev str., 2, Main building, room No. 302.

Abstract (English): Dissertation work of Aliyeva Ainur Omirbekovna "State audit of the consolidated financial report of the Republican budget: theory, methodology", submitted for the degree of Doctor of Philosophy (PhD) of the in the specialty "6D052100 - State audit" Relevance of the topic. In accordance with paragraph 3 of Article 12 of the Law of the Republic of Kazakhstan "On State Audit and Financial Control", the Supreme Audit Chamber audits the consolidated financial statements of the republican budget, audits the financial statements of administrators of budget programs and state institutions, with the exception of the National Bank of the Republic of Kazakhstan. Thus, the importance of public audit in modern society is constantly increasing. Effective public audit has a great impact on the влияние for the implementation of rational use бюджетных means for solving socio-economic issues of state development. State audit and financial control became особенно necessary at the present time, when the необходимость rational and efficient use of funds, as well as provide taxpayers with reliable information about how and on what these funds are spent. At the same time, it should be noted that the unresolved many theoretical and practical issues of state audit act as a certain limitation of economic growth and social progress in the long term. The relevance of the topic is especially highlighted in the context of the speech of the Head of State Kassym-Jomart Tokayev on the draft republican budget for 2024-2026. During this event, the President instructed the government to strengthen control over the budget process, stressed the importance of a balanced macroeconomic policy, compliance with the social obligations of the state, full financing of planned projects, support for the real sector of the economy and the effectiveness of the defense and law enforcement systems, which emphasizes the critical need to develop and apply advanced theoretical approaches and methodologies in the field of public health. audit to ensure transparency, responsibility and efficiency of public spending. Audit of financial statements in accordance with the Law of the Republic of Kazakhstan "On State Audit and Financial Control" is an assessment of the reliability, validity of financial statements, accounting and financial condition of the object of state audit. The relevance and significance of this study is due to a number of factors: Firstly, the study of the basics of the activities of the Supreme Audit Chamber as an institution for conducting audit of the consolidated financial statements of the republican budget, audit of financial statements of administrators of budget programs and state institutions, will reflect the role of государственного audit in the modern community, and its impact on the improvement of the budget process. Secondly, the analysis of the prerequisites for the emergence, principles, organization and methods of auditing the consolidated financial statements of state institutions, administrators of budget programs, the republican budget is of scientific and practical interest, including for the purpose of improving public audit. The INTOSAI international standards reflected in the thesis, applied by the Supreme Audit Institutions (SAIs) of different countries of the world, have become relevant for the state audit bodies of the Republic of Kazakhstan. The results of the study of the legal framework for the audit of consolidated financial statements of state institutions, administrators of budget programs, the republican budget, etc. can be used taking into account the realities in the activities of the UARP, as the supreme state audit institution of the Republic of Kazakhstan and the authorized body in the field of external state audit. The degree of scientific development of the topic. The theoretical basis of this study is the works of domestic and foreign scientists studying the methodology of auditing financial statements of the public sector, as well as the legal acts underlying the creation of such a structure. Among the foreign scientists whose works reflect the issues of consolidated financial statements and public sector audit, it should be noted such as Cîrstea A., Bisogno M., Santis S., Tommasetti A, Van Helden J., Reichard C., Heald D., Georgiou G., Oulasvirta L., Wacker, J., Heald D., Georgiou G., Brusca I., Montesinos V., etc. The works and reports of the auditors of the Supreme Audit Chamber are of the greatest interest, taking into account the topic of the dissertation. The issues of auditing the financial statements of the public sector are studied in the works of Zeynelgabdin A.B., Kuchkova N.K., Nurkhalieva D.M., Beisenova L.Z., Sembieva L.M., Alibekova B.A., Shakharova A.E., Nurmukhametova N.N., Zhanybayeva Z. and other authors. It should be noted that the issues of improving the basics of auditing financial statements of the public sector have not yet received proper coverage. Various aspects of the problems related to the audit of public sector financial statements are covered in analytical reviews and expert assessments of SAIs of leading countries, leading audit companies KPMG, Deloitte, Ernst & Young and PwC, as well as various economic organizations and financial institutions, in particular the Organization for Economic Cooperation and Development, the International Monetary Fund and the World Bank. Meanwhile, there is a small number of scientific works devoted to the study of the theoretical, methodological and methodological foundations of the audit of the consolidated financial statements of the republican budget in the domestic literature. Thus, at present, there is no holistic and generally accepted concept in Kazakhstani economic science that reveals the theoretical and methodological foundations of the audit of the consolidated financial statements of the republican budget. Purpose and objectives of the study. The purpose of the study is to study and develop theoretical and methodological recommendations for improving the audit of the consolidated financial statements of the republican budget. Achieving the goal involves solving the following objectives:  to summarize modern approaches to understanding the audit of the consolidated financial statements of the republican budget;  to analyze and systematize the methodological support for the audit of the consolidated financial statements of the republican budget;  to study foreign experience in the state audit of consolidated financial statements;  to analyze the current state of the republican budget of the Republic of Kazakhstan;  to evaluate the results of the audit of the consolidated financial statements of the republican budget in order to identify the main problems and areas for their solution;  to develop recommendations for the organization and conduct of the audit of the consolidated financial statements of the republican budget. The object of the research is the activity of the Supreme Audit Chamber of the Republic of Kazakhstan in the field of audit of consolidated financial statements of the republican budget. The subject of the research is a set of theoretical, methodological and practical aspects of the audit of the consolidated financial statements of the republican budget. The theoretical and methodological basis of the research is the fundamental provisions of modern economic science. The work widely uses the works of leading foreign and Kazakhstani economists, revealing the patterns of the development of the budget system and the audit of the consolidated financial statements of the republican budget. of the Ministry of Finance of the Republic of Kazakhstan, materials of the Supreme Audit Chamber of the Republic of Kazakhstan, as well as materials of periodicals. The scientific novelty of the study lies in the development of scientifically grounded recommendations for improving the theory and methodology of auditing consolidated financial statements on the execution of the republican budget. The main provisions to be defended: 1. The conceptual apparatus is clarified and the author's interpretation of the definition of audit of consolidated financial statements on the execution of the republican budget is given, which provides a deeper understanding of the essence of audit and improves the theoretical basis for research in this area. In our opinion, "consolidated financial statements on the execution of the republican budget are information on the financial position, movement and results of net assets, liabilities, revenues and expenses on an accrual basis and presented as a single financial statement of the department and administrators of republican budget programs as of the reporting date", and by the concept of "audit of consolidated financial statements" we mean the analysis and assessment of reliability, completeness and sufficiency information submitted in order to confirm its compliance with IPSAS, as well as compliance with applicable regulations and legislation. 2. The methodology of the audit of the consolidated financial statements of the republican budget with a detailed assessment of regulatory legal acts and the identification of existing problems in the methodology is analyzed. The analysis of the legal regulation of the audit of consolidated financial statements of the public sector showed the lack of a clearly defined and unified methodology, which leads to the need to finalize existing regulatory documents and develop auditing standards that take into account the specifics of the public sector and international practices. Uncertainty in the methodology affects the quality of audit procedures and may reduce confidence in the audit results, which, in turn, requires additional efforts to strengthen the legislative framework and increase the competence of auditors in the field of consolidated reporting. 3. The methodological approach to the audit of the consolidated financial statements of the republican budget based on the analysis in accordance with the regulatory legal acts of the Republic of Kazakhstan has been systematized, which makes it possible to unify the audit process and increase its efficiency. 4. The current state of the republican budget is analyzed with the identification of its weaknesses, which makes it possible to direct efforts to eliminate them and contributes to the optimization of budget management. The main conclusion is that despite significant efforts to increase budget revenues through improved tax administration and attempts to diversify the economy, Kazakhstan continues to face serious obstacles to financial sustainability and economic growth. Restraining the potential for income growth due to the slow expansion of production and the development of subsequent processing stages, a low level of effective demand, high prices for incoming resources, and limited opportunities for attracting investment in the manufacturing sector due to insufficient profitability - all this signals deep structural problems. Attention is also drawn to the systematic non-disbursement of budget funds and weak budget discipline, which emphasizes the need to strengthen control and optimize budget management processes. 5. The results of the audit of the consolidated financial statements of the republican budget were assessed, which made it possible to assess the dynamics of changes and identify key areas for further improvement. The main challenges faced by the Republic of Kazakhstan in the area of financial management include the inefficiency of the quasi-public sector, its dependence on the state budget, weak corporate governance and the lack of strategic linkages between activities and national objectives. The problem of information secrecy and the need to increase the transparency of the budget process, including through automation and digitalization, also remain relevant. 6. Recommendations were developed to improve the audit of the consolidated financial statements of the republican budget, including proposals to improve the methodological framework and practice of auditing, which is aimed at increasing its efficiency and usefulness for stakeholders. As the best foreign experience shows, it is necessary to gradually transition to the preparation of consolidated financial statements of the state, including the state and quasi-public sectors at the republican and local levels, as well as the National Fund and extra-budgetary funds. It is this kind of financial reporting that will provide a holistic picture of the country's financial situation. In terms of digitalization in the audit of the consolidated financial statements of the republican budget, at the moment the integrated automated information system "e-Minfin" and the Treasury Information System are fully operational and meet the stated requirements of efficiency and reliability. At the same time, the Supreme Audit Chamber of the Republic of Kazakhstan has an autonomous information system developed to automate activities, carry out audits, etc. Despite the fact that the current legislation does not provide for the mandatory integration of these systems, there is an objective need to combine them to ensure the audit of the consolidated financial statements of the republican budget. Methodological base of the study. The research methodology is based on the fundamental categories, concepts and principles of modern science in the field of public sector audit, the generally accepted methodology of scientific research. In order to substantiate the author's conclusions, definitions and interpretations of the norms of the Republic of Kazakhstan in the field of public audit, as well as international experience, were used. The theoretical basis of the study is international experience, research of specialists in the field of public sector audit, as well as scientific concepts and theories of foreign economists contained in special journals, reference books, etc. Practical significance is that a number of its provisions can be used to improve standards and methodology in the field of государственного Audit. An important result of the dissertation research is the possibility of their use in the practical work of state audit bodies, in particular the Supreme Audit Chamber of the Republic of Kazakhstan. The materials of the thesis can be used in the educational process when teaching the course of public audit. Approbation and implementation of the research results. The main scientific provisions and results of the dissertation research were reported and discussed at international, republican and foreign scientific and practical conferences. Publication of research results. 5 scientific papers with a total volume of 3.0 printed sheets have been published on the topic of the dissertation, including 1 article in a scientific journal included in the Scopus database, 3 articles in publications recommended by the Committee for Quality Assurance in Science and Higher Education of the Ministry of Science and Higher Education of the Republic of Kazakhstan and 1 article in the collections of scientific and practical conferences. The volume and structure of the dissertation research reflects the logical sequence and algorithm of the tasks set and is 181 pages, which include an introduction, three sections, conclusion, list of sources used and appendices.

Dissertation

Official Reviewer's Review

Official Reviewer's Review